Biochemical Conversion Department, DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
Centre for Agricultural Engineering (CAE), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), West Street, 4350 Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
Waste Manag. 2022 Jan 1;137:294-303. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.11.012. Epub 2021 Nov 22.
A key environmental sustainability requirement for the treatment of organic waste via anaerobic digestion (AD) is the prevention of unwanted methane emissions in the production chain whenever possible. Identifying and quantifying these emissions has been frequently investigated, particularly in Europe. However, the challenges of climate change are also becoming vitally important in Australia. This novel study presents the results from emission measurement campaigns carried out at two biogas plants and one landfill site in Australia. An on-site approach consisting of leakage detection and emission quantification by a static chamber method was applied. Twenty-nine leakages were detected predominantly on the digesters (gastight covered anaerobic lagoons) of the biogas plants. Ten emission hot spots were found on the surface cover of a landfill site. Methane emission rates of 9.9 ± 2.3 kg h (10.5 ± 2.4% CH) for biogas plant A, 3.0 ± 1.9 kg h (8.1 ± 5.2% CH) for biogas plant B and 41-211 g h for the two largest emission hot spots from the landfill were measured. Since not every single leakage or hot spot could be quantified separately, the stated overall emission rates had to be extrapolated. Importantly, the emission rates from the landfill should be interpreted carefully due to the limited overall area which could be practicably investigated. Leakages occurred at common components of the covered anaerobic lagoons such as the membrane fixation or concrete walls. Repairing these parts would increase the plant safety and mitigate negative environmental effects.
有机废物通过厌氧消化（AD）处理的一个关键环境可持续性要求是，只要有可能，就在生产链中防止不必要的甲烷排放。已经频繁地对这些排放物进行了识别和量化，尤其是在欧洲。然而，气候变化的挑战在澳大利亚也变得至关重要。这项新研究展示了在澳大利亚的两个沼气厂和一个垃圾填埋场进行的排放测量活动的结果。采用了一种现场方法，包括泄漏检测和通过静态室方法进行的排放量化。主要在沼气厂的消化器（密封覆盖的厌氧塘）上检测到 29 个泄漏。在垃圾填埋场的表面覆盖层上发现了 10 个排放热点。沼气厂 A 的甲烷排放率为 9.9 ± 2.3 kg h（10.5 ± 2.4% CH），沼气厂 B 的甲烷排放率为 3.0 ± 1.9 kg h（8.1 ± 5.2% CH），两个最大的排放热点的排放率为 41-211 g h。由于并非每个单独的泄漏或热点都可以单独量化，因此必须推断出所述的总排放率。重要的是，由于可实际调查的总区域有限，应谨慎解释来自垃圾填埋场的排放率。泄漏发生在覆盖式厌氧塘的常见组件上，如膜固定或混凝土墙。修复这些部件将提高工厂安全性并减轻对环境的负面影响。
