Balzanelli Cristiano, Spataro Daniele, Redaelli de Zinis Luca Oscar
Vertigo Center-San Bernardino Polyclinic of Salò, 25087 Salò, Italy.
ENT Department-ARNAS Garibaldi of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy.
Children (Basel). 2021 Nov 16;8(11):1056. doi: 10.3390/children8111056.
(1) Background: To assess the prevalence and frequency distribution of balance disorders in children and adolescents to delineate the planning of a targeted clinical and instrumental diagnostic work-up; (2) Methods: Retrospective analysis of the clinical documentation of patients under 18 years suffering from balance disorders from 2010 to 2019. Detailed collection of clinical history, accurate clinical examination, including both nystagmus and vestibulospinal signs examinations, and specific instrumental testing were the basis of the diagnostic process. (3) Results: A total of 472 participants were included in the study. Vestibular loss (26.1%) was the most frequent cause of vertigo in children, followed by vestibular migraine (21.2%) and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (10.2%). In 1.1% of patients, the cause of vertigo remained undefined; (4) Conclusions: The diagnostic process applied was effective in understanding the cause of balance disorders in most cases and prevents more complex and expensive investigations reserved for only a few selected cases.
(1) 背景：评估儿童和青少年平衡障碍的患病率及频率分布，以规划有针对性的临床和仪器诊断检查；(2) 方法：对2010年至2019年18岁以下患有平衡障碍患者的临床记录进行回顾性分析。详细收集临床病史、进行准确的临床检查，包括眼球震颤和前庭脊髓征检查，以及特定的仪器检测是诊断过程的基础。(3) 结果：共有472名参与者纳入研究。前庭功能丧失（26.1%）是儿童眩晕最常见的原因，其次是前庭性偏头痛（21.2%）和良性阵发性位置性眩晕（10.2%）。1.1%的患者眩晕原因仍不明确；(4) 结论：所应用的诊断过程在大多数情况下能有效了解平衡障碍的原因，并避免仅针对少数特定病例进行更复杂、昂贵的检查。
