Romero-Román María E, Schoebitz Mauricio, Fuentealba Jorge, García-Viguera Cristina, Belchí María D López
Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Vicente Méndez #595, Chillán 3812120, Chile.
Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Nov 18;10(11):1830. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111830.
Calafate is a berry rich in anthocyanins that presents higher content of polyphenols than other fruits. Its compounds have been described previously, however, the potential thereof in preventing and treating degenerative disorders has not yet been studied. Due to its astringency, the consumption of this berry in its natural state is limited. To profit from the aforementioned properties and reduce palatability issues, calafate berry extracts were microencapsulated by spray drying, a rapid, cost-effective and scalable process, and were then compared with freeze drying as a control. The stability of its contents and its in-vitro potential, with respect to AChE activity and neuroprotection, were measured from the obtained microcapsules, resulting from temperature treatments and different encapsulant contents. The results indicated that the spray-dried powders were stable, despite high temperatures, and their encapsulation exhibited nearly 50% efficiency. The highest quantity of polyphenols and 3--glycosylated anthocyanins was obtained from encapsulation with 20% maltodextrin, at 120 °C. Temperature did not affect the microcapsules' biological action, as demonstrated by their antioxidant activities. The prevention of Aβ peptide cytotoxicity in PC12 cells (20%) revealed that encapsulated calafate can confer neuroprotection. We conclude that spray-drying is an appropriate technique for scaling-up and producing new value-added calafate formulations with anti-neurodegenerative effects and vivid colors.
卡拉法特莓富含花青素，其多酚含量高于其他水果。此前已有对其化合物的描述，然而，其在预防和治疗退行性疾病方面的潜力尚未得到研究。由于其具有涩味，天然状态下这种莓果的食用量有限。为了利用上述特性并减少适口性问题，采用喷雾干燥法对卡拉法特莓提取物进行微胶囊化处理，这是一种快速、经济高效且可扩展的工艺，然后将其与作为对照的冷冻干燥法进行比较。从经温度处理和不同包封剂含量得到的微胶囊中，测定其内容物的稳定性及其在乙酰胆碱酯酶活性和神经保护方面的体外潜力。结果表明，喷雾干燥粉末即使在高温下也很稳定，其包封效率接近50%。在120℃下用20%麦芽糊精包封可获得最高量的多酚和3 - 糖基化花青素。温度并未影响微胶囊的生物活性，这从其抗氧化活性得到证明。在PC12细胞中预防Aβ肽细胞毒性（20%）表明，包封后的卡拉法特莓具有神经保护作用。我们得出结论，喷雾干燥是一种适合扩大规模并生产具有抗神经退行性作用和鲜艳色泽的新型增值卡拉法特制剂的技术。
