二孢白粉菌引起的芹菜白粉病在体外和体内条件下的生物防治

Biological Control of Celery Powdery Mildew Disease Caused by DC In Vitro and In Vivo Conditions.

作者信息

Ahmed Hamada F A, Seleiman Mahmoud F, Al-Saif Adel M, Alshiekheid Maha A, Battaglia Martin L, Taha Ragab S

机构信息

Department of Ornamental, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diseases, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza P.O. Box 12619, Egypt.

Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Plants (Basel). 2021 Oct 29;10(11):2342. doi: 10.3390/plants10112342.

DOI:10.3390/plants10112342

PMID:34834704

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8623452/

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the potentiality of certain biocontrol agents, namely , , , , , , and , as well as the synthetic fungicide difenoconazole to control celery powdery mildew caused by DC, in vitro (against conidia germination and germ tube length of ) and in vivo (against disease severity and AUDPC). In vitro, it was found that the antifungal activity of the tested biocontrol agents significantly reduced the germination percentage of the conidia and germ tube length of the pathogen. The reduction in conidia germination ranged between 88.2% and 59.6% as a result of the treatment with and , respectively compared with 97.1% by the synthetic fungicide difenoconazole. Moreover, the fungicide achieved the highest reduction in germ tube length (92.5%) followed by (82.0%), while was the least effective (62.8%). Spraying celery plants with the tested biocontrol agents in the greenhouse significantly reduced powdery mildew severity, as well as the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of application. In this regard, was the most efficient followed by , and , with 80.1, 74.4, 73.2 and 70.5% reductions in disease severity, respectively. In AUDPC, reductions of those microorganisms were 285.3, 380.9, 396.7 and 431.8, respectively, compared to 1539.1 in the control treatment. On the other hand, the fungicide difenoconazole achieved maximum efficacy in reducing disease severity (84.7%) and lowest AUDPC (219.3) compared to the other treatments. In the field, all the applied biocontrol agents showed high efficiency in suppressing powdery mildew on celery plants, with a significant improvement in growth and yield characteristics. In addition, they caused an increase in the concentration of leaf pigments, and the activities of defense-related enzymes such as peroxidase (PO) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and total phenol content (TPC). In conclusion, the results showed the possibility of using tested biocontrol agents as eco-friendly alternatives to protect celery plants against powdery mildew.

摘要

本研究旨在调查某些生物防治剂，即、、、、、、以及合成杀菌剂苯醚甲环唑，在体外（针对分生孢子萌发和的芽管长度）和体内（针对病情严重程度和AUDPC）防治由引起的芹菜白粉病的潜力。在体外，发现受试生物防治剂的抗真菌活性显著降低了分生孢子的萌发率和病原菌的芽管长度。与合成杀菌剂苯醚甲环唑的97.1%相比，用和处理后分生孢子萌发率的降低幅度分别在88.2%和59.6%之间。此外，该杀菌剂使芽管长度的降低幅度最大（92.5%），其次是（82.0%），而效果最差（62.8%）。在温室中用受试生物防治剂喷洒芹菜植株，在施药7、14、21和28天后，显著降低了白粉病的严重程度以及病情进展曲线下面积（AUDPC）。在这方面，最有效，其次是、和，病情严重程度分别降低了80.1%、74.4%、73.2%和70.5%。在AUDPC方面，与对照处理的1539.1相比，这些微生物的降低值分别为285.3、380.9、396.7和431.8。另一方面，与其他处理相比，杀菌剂苯醚甲环唑在降低病情严重程度（84.7%）和最低AUDPC（219.3）方面效果最佳。在田间，所有施用的生物防治剂在抑制芹菜植株白粉病方面均表现出高效，生长和产量特性有显著改善。此外，它们还使叶片色素浓度、过氧化物酶（PO）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）等防御相关酶的活性以及总酚含量（TPC）增加。总之，结果表明使用受试生物防治剂作为环保替代品来保护芹菜植株免受白粉病侵害是有可能的。