Functional organization of the peripheral efferent vestibular system in the frog.

The functional organization of the efferent vestibular system (EVS) was studied in the isolated frog labyrinth. To ascertain whether, besides the efferent branching fibres that innervate several end-organs, the EVS is also endowed with efferent non-branching axons which might control a given population of sensory units in each end-organ, the 8th nerve and one of its branchlets were electrically stimulated while recordings of the spontaneous activity arising from the different sensors were made by impaling single afferent axons in all the 8th nerve branchlets. The results demonstrated that the vast majority of the sensory units whose activity was modified by stimulating the whole 8th nerve was also affected by stimulating an 8th nerve branchlet. These findings therefore rule out the possibility that the EVS is endowed with projective fibres and strengthen the view that the EVS is a highly divergent system with collaterals arising from single parent axons that innervate several end-organs. These experiments have also shown that the percentage of sensory units which are actually controlled by the EVS varies amongst the different labyrinthine organs. It is maximal in the sacculus (ca. 90%), somewhat lower in canal organs (ca. 80%) and the utriculus (ca. 70%) and considerably lower in the lagena (ca. 50%). This EVS arrangement therefore might allow information arising from some organs to be modified more extensively than that from others.