Rand A, Koch T, Ragaller M
Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland.
Anaesthesist. 2022 Apr;71(4):311-317. doi: 10.1007/s00101-021-01066-8. Epub 2021 Dec 6.
In 2019 a total of 756 people died in Germany while registered on the waiting list for an organ transplantation. With 10.8 organ donors/million inhabitants in 2019, Germany belongs to the bottom group in the Eurotransplant foundation as well as worldwide. All political attempts to increase the number of organ donations have so far been unsuccessful. Furthermore, the pandemic triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to a further decline in organ donations. Critical care physicians play an important role in the identification of potential doners and are also the main point of contact for relatives; however, multiple uncertainties exist regarding the process of organ donation not only in discussions in the media and society but also among physicians involved in intensive care medicine. Many assumptions and hypotheses, which have been associated with the low number of donors, lack scientific evidence and are discussed in this article.
2019年,德国共有756人在器官移植等待名单上登记时死亡。2019年德国的器官捐献率为每百万居民10.8例,在欧洲移植基金会以及全球范围内都属于垫底的水平。迄今为止,所有旨在增加器官捐献数量的政治努力均未成功。此外,由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引发的大流行导致器官捐献进一步减少。重症监护医生在识别潜在捐献者方面发挥着重要作用,也是亲属的主要联系人;然而,不仅在媒体和社会讨论中,而且在重症医学领域的医生中,器官捐献过程都存在诸多不确定性。许多与捐献者数量少相关的假设和假说缺乏科学依据,本文将对此进行讨论。