He Siying, Jia Meiying, Xiang Yinping, Song Biao, Xiong Weiping, Cao Jiao, Peng Haihao, Yang Yang, Wang Wenjun, Yang Zhaohui, Zeng Guangming
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Feb 15;424(Pt B):127286. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127286. Epub 2021 Sep 20.
The excellent properties of plastics make them widely used all over the world. However, when plastics enter the environmental medium, microplastics will inevitably be produced due to physical, chemical and biological factors. Studies have shown that microplastics have been detected in terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric environments. In addition, the presence of microplastics will provide a new artificial adhesion substrate for biofilms. It has been proved that the formation of biofilms could significantly change some properties of microplastics. Some studies have found that microplastics attached with biofilms have higher environmental risks and eco-toxicity. Therefore, considering the widespread existence of microplastics and the ecological risks of microplastic biofilms, the physical and chemical properties of biofilms on microplastics and their impact on microplastics in aqueous environment are worth reviewing. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed representative studies in this area. Firstly, this study reviews that the existence of biofilms could change the transport and deposition of microplastics. Subsequently, the presence of biofilms would enhance the ability of microplastics to accumulate pollutant, such as persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals and antibiotics. Moreover, the effect of biofilms on microplastics enrichment of harmful microorganisms is summarized. Finally, some future research needs and strategies are proposed to better understand the problem of biofilms on microplastics.
塑料的优良特性使其在全球得到广泛应用。然而，当塑料进入环境介质时，由于物理、化学和生物因素，不可避免地会产生微塑料。研究表明，在陆地、水生和大气环境中均检测到了微塑料。此外，微塑料的存在会为生物膜提供一种新的人工附着基质。业已证明，生物膜的形成会显著改变微塑料的某些特性。一些研究发现，附着有生物膜的微塑料具有更高的环境风险和生态毒性。因此，鉴于微塑料的广泛存在以及微塑料生物膜的生态风险，微塑料上生物膜的物理和化学性质及其在水环境中对微塑料的影响值得审视。在本文中，我们全面回顾了该领域的代表性研究。首先，本研究回顾了生物膜的存在会改变微塑料的迁移和沉积。随后，生物膜的存在会增强微塑料积累污染物的能力，如持久性有机污染物、重金属和抗生素。此外，总结了生物膜对微塑料富集有害微生物的影响。最后，提出了一些未来的研究需求和策略，以更好地理解微塑料上生物膜的问题。
