Martwong Ekkachai, Chuetor Santi, Junthip Jatupol
Division of Science (Chemistry), Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya 13000, Thailand.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Nov 25;13(23):4110. doi: 10.3390/polym13234110.
The contamination of hydrosoluble pesticides in water could generate a serious problem for biotic and abiotic components. The removal of a hazardous agrochemical (paraquat) from water was achieved by adsorption processes using poly(vinyl alcohol)-cyclodextrin nanosponges, which were prepared with various formulations via the crosslinking between citric acid and β-cyclodextrin in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol). The physicochemical properties of nanosponges were also characterized by different techniques, such as gravimetry, thermogravimetry, microscopy (SEM and Stereo), spectroscopy (UV-visible, NMR, ATR-FTIR, and Raman), acid-base titration, BET surface area analysis, X-ray diffraction, and ion exchange capacity. The C10D-P2 nanosponges displayed 60.2% yield, 3.14 mmol/g COOH groups, 0.335 mmol/g β-CD content, 96.4% swelling, 94.5% paraquat removal, 0.1766 m g specific surface area, and 5.2 × 10 cm g pore volume. The presence of particular peaks referring to specific functional groups on spectroscopic spectra confirmed the successful polycondensation on the reticulated nanosponges. The pseudo second-order model (with R = 0.9998) and Langmuir isotherm (with R = 0.9979) was suitable for kinetics and isotherm using 180 min of contact time and a pH of 6.5. The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated at 112.2 mg/g. Finally, the recyclability of these nanosponges was 90.3% of paraquat removal after five regeneration times.
水中水溶性农药的污染可能会给生物和非生物成分带来严重问题。使用聚乙烯醇 - 环糊精纳米海绵通过吸附过程实现了从水中去除有害农用化学品（百草枯），这些纳米海绵是在聚乙烯醇存在下通过柠檬酸和β - 环糊精之间的交联以各种配方制备的。还通过不同技术对纳米海绵的物理化学性质进行了表征，如重量法、热重分析法、显微镜法（扫描电子显微镜和立体显微镜）、光谱法（紫外可见光谱、核磁共振光谱、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱和拉曼光谱）、酸碱滴定法、比表面积分析、X射线衍射法和离子交换容量测定法。C10D - P2纳米海绵的产率为60.2%，羧基含量为3.14 mmol/g，β - CD含量为0.335 mmol/g，溶胀率为96.4%，百草枯去除率为94.5%，比表面积为0.1766 m²/g，孔体积为5.2×10⁻² cm³/g。光谱上特定官能团的特定峰的存在证实了网状纳米海绵上成功发生了缩聚反应。伪二级模型（R = 0.9998）和朗缪尔等温线（R = 0.9979）适用于接触时间为180分钟、pH值为6.5时的动力学和等温线研究。计算得出最大吸附容量为112.2 mg/g。最后，这些纳米海绵在五次再生后对百草枯的去除率仍可达90.3%。
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