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数字鸿沟与中国积极老龄化

The Digital Divide and Active Aging in China.

机构信息

School of Statistics, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan 030006, China.

Center for Population and Development Policy Studies, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 1;18(23):12675. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182312675.

Abstract

With the rapid development of society, especially the advent of intelligent technology of life services, the ability of the elderly to adapt to modern digital life is getting weaker and weaker, the dilemma of the "digital divide" for the elderly has aroused heated public debate. In the era of aging and information superposition, in-depth study of the multi-dimensional impact of the digital divide on the elderly has become an effective content of China's active aging strategy. Based on the micro-data of the Chinese General Social Survey in 2017, this paper uses the entropy right method to construct the digital divide index system for the elderly over 60 years of age from the perspective of essential equipment, Internet utilization degree, and Basic Internet usage skills. At the same time, this paper constructs China's comprehensive index of active aging from three aspects: health, social participation, and guarantee of the elderly, to study the impact of the digital divide on China's active aging. The following conclusions have been drawn: the digital divide among the elderly significantly inhibits China's active aging. The digital divide reduces the level of physical and mental health and social participation of older persons and inhibits the level of guarantee of older persons, thus impeding their active aging. In addition, it also reduces the overall life satisfaction of the elderly. The use of the Internet, skills, and other digital technology abilities of the elderly have effectively promoted active aging. The more Internet access devices older people have, the higher their level of social participation. The higher the Internet frequency of the elderly, the healthier the body and mind. Furthermore, the greater the level of physical and mental health and social participation of older groups who use online payments. The digital divide among the elderly inhibits the process of China's active aging, and the unique course and stage characteristics of the development of the aging of the Chinese population require us to pay full attention to the relationship between the digital divide and active aging and how to construct a "digital-friendly" aging system is an essential issue for China's social development to consider.

摘要

随着社会的快速发展,特别是生活服务智能化技术的出现,老年人适应现代数字生活的能力越来越弱,老年人的“数字鸿沟”困境引起了公众的热议。在老龄化和信息化叠加的时代,深入研究数字鸿沟对老年人的多维影响,成为中国积极老龄化战略的有效内容。本文基于 2017 年中国综合社会调查的微观数据,从基本设备、互联网使用程度和基本互联网使用技能三个方面,运用熵权法构建了 60 岁以上老年人数字鸿沟指数体系。同时,从健康、社会参与和老年人保障三个方面构建了中国积极老龄化综合指数,研究了数字鸿沟对中国积极老龄化的影响。研究结果表明:老年人数字鸿沟显著抑制了中国的积极老龄化。数字鸿沟降低了老年人的身心健康和社会参与水平,抑制了老年人的保障水平,从而阻碍了他们的积极老龄化。此外,它还降低了老年人的整体生活满意度。老年人使用互联网、技能等数字技术能力有效促进了积极老龄化。老年人拥有的上网设备越多,他们的社会参与度越高。老年人上网的频率越高,身心越健康。此外,使用在线支付的老年人群体的身心健康和社会参与水平越高,数字鸿沟越大,越会抑制中国积极老龄化的进程。中国人口老龄化的独特发展过程和阶段特征要求我们充分关注数字鸿沟与积极老龄化的关系,如何构建“数字友好”的老龄化体系是中国社会发展需要考虑的重要问题。

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