College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Nov 15;32(11):3893-3904. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202111.005.
As an important ecological compensation project initiated in China, the returning farmland to forest (grassland) project plays a key role in maintaining national ecological security. Systematical analysis for the impacts of the returning farmland to forest (grassland) project on ecosystem services would provide reference for consummating ecological compensation system. Taking the Weihe River Basin as an example, we analyzed the spatiotemporal changes of land use and ecosystem services since the implementation of the project based on land use data, meteorological data and other information. The InVEST model and geographically weighted regression were used to investigate the impacts of the project on the changes of ecosystem services, such as water conservation, soil conservation, carbon storage, and habitat quality. The results showed that since the implementation of the project, the coverage rate of forest and grassland had been fluctuating upwards, with an increase of 2704.49 km of forest and grassland area. From 2000 to 2018, in the Weihe River Basin all showed a fluctuating upwards trends. Among those services, water conservation and carbon storage had large increases, while habitat quality and soil conservation had small increases. The project had effectively improved ecosystem services in the Weihe River Basin, but the impacting intensity on ecosystem services varied from one geographical unit to another.
作为中国启动的一项重要生态补偿工程，退耕还林还草工程在维护国家生态安全方面发挥着关键作用。系统分析退耕还林还草工程对生态系统服务的影响，可为完善生态补偿制度提供参考。以渭河流域为例，基于土地利用数据、气象数据等信息，分析了项目实施以来的土地利用及生态系统服务时空变化。利用 InVEST 模型和地理加权回归模型，研究了工程对水源涵养、土壤保持、碳储存和生境质量等生态系统服务变化的影响。结果表明，项目实施以来，森林和草地的覆盖率呈波动上升趋势，新增森林和草地面积 2704.49km²。2000—2018 年，渭河流域各项生态系统服务均呈波动上升趋势。其中，水源涵养和碳储存有较大幅度的增加，而生境质量和土壤保持则有较小幅度的增加。工程有效提升了渭河流域的生态系统服务，但对生态系统服务的影响强度在不同地理单元存在差异。
