水果慢速热解生物油对牛蜱（蜱螨目：硬蜱科）的杀螨特性
Acaricidal Properties of Bio-Oil Derived From Slow Pyrolysis of Fruit Against the Cattle Tick (Acari: Ixodidae).
作者信息
Mattos Camila, Andrade Juliana, Salarini Peixoto Bruno, Tavares Moraes Nayara Luiza, da Cunha Veloso Marcia Cristina, Alves Romeiro Gilberto, Folly Evelize das Chagas
机构信息
Laboratory of Pest and Parasite Studies, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Science and Biotechnology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil.
出版信息
Front Physiol. 2021 Dec 2;12:768522. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.768522. eCollection 2021.
Slow pyrolysis is a process for the thermochemical conversion of biomasses into bio-oils that may contain a rich chemical composition with biotechnological potential. Bio-oil produced from crambe fruits was investigated as to their acaricidal effect. Slow pyrolysis of crambe fruits was performed in a batch reactor at 400°C and chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The bio-oil collected was used in bioassays with larvae and engorged females of the cattle tick Biological assays were performed using the larval packet test (LPT) and adult immersion test. The GC-MS of crambe fruit bio-oil revealed mainly hydrocarbons such as alkanes and alkenes, phenols, and aldehydes. The bio-oil in the LPT exhibited an LC90 of 14.4%. In addition, crambe bio-oil caused female mortality of 91.1% at a concentration of 15% and a high egg-laying inhibition. After ovary dissection of treated females, a significant reduction in gonadosomatic index was observed, indicating that bio-oil interfered in tick oogenesis. Considering these results, it may be concluded that slow pyrolysis of crambe fruit affords a sustainable and eco-friendly product for the control of cattle tick
慢速热解是一种将生物质热化学转化为生物油的过程，这种生物油可能含有丰富的化学成分，具有生物技术潜力。对从海甘蓝果实中生产的生物油的杀螨效果进行了研究。海甘蓝果实的慢速热解在间歇式反应器中于400°C下进行，并通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析其化学成分。收集的生物油用于对牛蜱幼虫和饱血雌蜱进行生物测定。生物测定采用幼虫包囊试验（LPT）和成虫浸泡试验。海甘蓝果实生物油的GC-MS分析显示，其主要成分包括烷烃和烯烃等碳氢化合物、酚类和醛类。在LPT中，生物油的LC90为14.4%。此外，海甘蓝生物油在浓度为15%时导致雌蜱死亡率达91.1%，并具有较高的产卵抑制作用。对处理后的雌蜱进行卵巢解剖后，观察到性腺体指数显著降低，表明生物油干扰了蜱的卵子发生。考虑到这些结果，可以得出结论，海甘蓝果实的慢速热解为控制牛蜱提供了一种可持续且环保的产品。
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