Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, China.
Jiangxi Zhengbang Breeding Co. LTD, Jiangxi, Nanchang, China.
Toxicol Lett. 2022 Mar 1;357:33-42. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.12.017. Epub 2021 Dec 18.
Zearalenone is a mycotoxin and a pollutant that is commonly found in crops. Once ingested, ZEA can cause disturbances in the immune system and produce immunotoxicity. However, there is little research on the effect of ZEA exposure on the relationship between immune regulation and embryo implantation in the uteri of sows. Embryo implantation relies upon the fact that the relationship between the maternal and fetal immune systems is balanced. This balance is provided by the joint regulation of immune organs, cytokines, and uterine immunity. In this study, we investigated 20 sows with an initial weight of 100.00 ± 5.00 kg and 200 days in age. The sows were fed with diets containing ZEA at concentrations of 0 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg, respectively, from 8 to 14 days of gestation. We studied immunotoxicity and the uterine transcriptomics associated with the effect of ZEA in sows during embryo attachment. Following ZEA treatment, serum biochemical analysis and RT-qPCR were used to detect the concentration and mRNA expression levels of immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, and IgM, in the serum and spleen, respectively. The same analysis was carried out for a range of cytokines in the serum and spleen: IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF. Uterine transcriptome analysis revealed 75, 215, and 81 genes that were differentially expressed in the 0 mg/kg vs 1 mg/kg treatment, 0 mg/kg vs 10 mg/kg treatment, and 1 mg/kg vs 10 mg/kg treatment, respectively. GO terms analysis showed that the up-regulated genes related to the immune system were highly expressed. KEGG pathway analysis further revealed the importance of several metabolic pathways, including drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, and calcium signaling pathways. The differentially expressed genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. These findings expand our understanding of the gene expression profiles and signaling pathways associated with the immune response to ZEA exposure in sows during the embryo implantation window. This study provides valuable information for clarifying the molecular mechanism of ZEA's immunotoxicity to early pregnant sows in the future.
玉米赤霉烯酮是一种真菌毒素和污染物，普遍存在于农作物中。一旦被摄入，玉米赤霉烯酮会引起免疫系统紊乱并产生免疫毒性。然而，关于玉米赤霉烯酮暴露对母猪子宫内免疫调节与胚胎着床关系的影响，研究甚少。胚胎着床依赖于母体和胎儿免疫系统之间的平衡关系。这种平衡是由免疫器官、细胞因子和子宫免疫的共同调节来提供的。在这项研究中，我们研究了 20 头初始体重为 100.00±5.00kg、胎龄为 200 天的母猪。从妊娠第 8 天到第 14 天，这些母猪分别喂食含有 0mg/kg、1mg/kg、2mg/kg 和 10mg/kg 玉米赤霉烯酮的日粮。我们研究了免疫毒性以及玉米赤霉烯酮对胚胎附着期母猪子宫转录组的影响。经过玉米赤霉烯酮处理后，通过血清生化分析和 RT-qPCR 检测血清和脾脏中免疫球蛋白 IgA、IgG 和 IgM 的浓度和 mRNA 表达水平。对血清和脾脏中的一系列细胞因子（IL-1、IL-2、IL-6、IL-10 和 TNF）也进行了相同的分析。子宫转录组分析显示，在 0mg/kg 与 1mg/kg 处理、0mg/kg 与 10mg/kg 处理和 1mg/kg 与 10mg/kg 处理之间，分别有 75、215 和 81 个基因差异表达。GO 术语分析表明，与免疫系统相关的上调基因高度表达。KEGG 通路分析进一步揭示了几个代谢途径的重要性，包括药物代谢-细胞色素 P450、细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用途径和钙信号通路。通过定量实时 PCR 验证了差异表达基因。这些发现扩展了我们对母猪胚胎着床窗口期玉米赤霉烯酮暴露后免疫反应相关基因表达谱和信号通路的理解。这项研究为阐明玉米赤霉烯酮对早期妊娠母猪的免疫毒性的分子机制提供了有价值的信息。
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