Martínez-Salgado Saira Jazmín, Andrade-Hoyos Petra, Parraguirre Lezama Conrado, Rivera-Tapia Antonio, Luna-Cruz Alfonso, Romero-Arenas Omar
Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Programa Biotecnología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico.
Centro de Agroecología, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Edificio VAL 1, Km 1.7 Carretera a San Baltazar Tetela, San Pedro Zacachimalpa, Puebla 72960, Mexico.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 30;10(12):2630. doi: 10.3390/plants10122630.
Charcoal rot is an emerging disease for peanut crops caused by the fungus . In Mexico, peanut crop represents an important productive activity for various rural areas; however, charcoal rot affects producers economically. The objectives of this research were: (a) to identify and morphologically characterize the strain "PUE 4.0" associated with charcoal rot of peanut crops from Buenavista de Benito Juárez, belonging to the municipality of Chietla in Puebla, Mexico; (b) determine the in vitro and in vivo antagonist activity of five species on , and (c) determine the effect of the incidence of the disease on peanut production in the field. Vegetable tissue samples were collected from peanut crops in Puebla, Mexico with the presence of symptoms of charcoal rot at the stem and root level. The "PUE 4.0" strain presented 100% identity with , the cause of charcoal rot in peanut crops from Buenavista de Benito Juárez. (T-K11) showed the highest development rate, the best growth speed, and the highest percentage of radial growth inhibition (PIRG) over (71.11%) under in vitro conditions, in addition, (T-K11) showed higher production (1.60 ± 0.01 t/ha) and lower incidence of charcoal rot under field conditions. The lowest production with the highest incidence of the disease occurred in plants inoculated only with (0.67 ± 0.01 t/ha) where elongated reddish-brown lesions were observed that covered 40% of the total surface of the main root.
炭腐病是由真菌引起的花生作物的一种新出现的病害。在墨西哥，花生种植是各个农村地区一项重要的生产活动；然而，炭腐病在经济上影响着生产者。本研究的目的是：(a) 鉴定并从形态学上表征与来自墨西哥普埃布拉州奇埃特拉市贝尼托·华雷斯的布埃纳维斯塔的花生作物炭腐病相关的 “PUE 4.0” 菌株；(b) 确定五种 物种对 的体外和体内拮抗活性，以及 (c) 确定该病害的发病率对田间花生产量的影响。从墨西哥普埃布拉州有茎和根水平炭腐病症状的花生作物上采集蔬菜组织样本。“PUE 4.0” 菌株与来自贝尼托·华雷斯的布埃纳维斯塔的花生作物炭腐病病原菌 具有100% 的同一性。(T - K11) 在体外条件下对 显示出最高的发育速率、最佳的生长速度和最高的径向生长抑制百分比 (PIRG)(71.11%)，此外，(T - K11) 在田间条件下产量更高 (1.60 ± 0.01 吨/公顷) 且炭腐病发病率更低。仅接种 的植株产量最低且病害发病率最高 (0.67 ± 0.01 吨/公顷)，在这些植株上观察到伸长的红棕色病斑，覆盖了主根总表面积的40%。
