Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2022 Feb;126:105061. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105061. Epub 2021 Dec 22.
Investigate the effect of various liquids on the optical properties and Vickers hardness of conventional, milled and 3D-printed denture teeth.
Six different types of denture teeth (Maxillary anteriors of three different conventional teeth, Vivodent DCL, SR Phonares II, Vita Physiodens; milled teeth, IvotionDent; and two different 3D-printed teeth, Asiga DentaTooth and NextDent C&B MFH) were investigated (total n = 336). The labial surface of each specimen was prepared to a dimension of 10 × 5 × 3mm. Specimens were immersed in artificial saliva, coffee, red wine and denture cleaner with artificial aging to simulate denture use of 12 and 24 months in vivo. Measurements of translucency parameter (TP), shade change (ΔE), surface roughness (Ra) and Vickers hardness (VHN) were conducted at baseline and after artificial aging while immersed in the liquids at each timeframe. Data were statistically analysed by ANOVA and post-hoc test (SPSS Ver 27). Surfaces of specimens were analysed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Milled teeth had the highest overall translucency parameter (5.33 ± 0.76-7.3 ± 0.99). All materials had statistically significant change in translucency parameter and shade after 24 months simulated aging (p < 0.05), especially the milled and 3D-printed teeth (p < 0.01). Surface roughness of all materials were under plaque accumulation threshold Ra = 0.2 μm. At baseline, Vita Physiodens teeth (PMMA with microfillers) demonstrated the highest hardness (33.99 kgf/mm±3.7), whereas both 3D-printed materials exhibited the lowest hardness (13.27 kgf/mm±0.36-18.13 kgf/mm±0.93). Artificial saliva, red wine and denture cleaner had a statistically significant impact (p < 0.05) on hardness of all materials (12.1 kgf/mm±1.17-30.77 kgf/mm±2.98).
Milled teeth exhibited the best optical properties (highest overall translucency parameter and lowest shade change). Milled teeth were also the only material that showed colour change (ΔE values) within clinically acceptable limits. Denture cleaner had the most impact on optical and mechanical properties of all materials. Surface roughness and hardness of 3D-printed teeth had the most change after artificial aging.
研究不同液体对常规、铣削和 3D 打印义齿的光学性能和维氏硬度的影响。
研究了 6 种不同类型的义齿牙（3 种不同常规牙的上颌前牙、Vivodent DCL、SR Phonares II、Vita Physiodens；铣削牙 IvotionDent；以及 2 种不同的 3D 打印牙 Asiga DentaTooth 和 NextDent C&B MFH）（总 n=336）。每个样本的唇面制备成 10×5×3mm 的尺寸。将标本浸入人工唾液、咖啡、红酒和假牙清洁剂中进行人工老化，以模拟体内使用 12 个月和 24 个月的假牙。在每个时间点，将标本在浸入液体时进行透光率参数（TP）、色差值（ΔE）、表面粗糙度（Ra）和维氏硬度（VHN）的测量。使用方差分析和事后检验（SPSS Ver 27）对数据进行统计分析。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析标本表面。
铣削牙的整体透光率参数最高（5.33±0.76-7.3±0.99）。所有材料在 24 个月模拟老化后透光率参数和色差值均有统计学意义上的变化（p<0.05），尤其是铣削牙和 3D 打印牙（p<0.01）。所有材料的表面粗糙度均低于菌斑堆积阈值 Ra=0.2μm。在基线时，Vita Physiodens 牙（含微填料的 PMMA）表现出最高的硬度（33.99 kgf/mm±3.7），而两种 3D 打印材料的硬度最低（13.27 kgf/mm±0.36-18.13 kgf/mm±0.93）。人工唾液、红酒和假牙清洁剂对所有材料的硬度均有统计学意义上的影响（p<0.05）（12.1 kgf/mm±1.17-30.77 kgf/mm±2.98）。
铣削牙的光学性能最好（整体透光率参数最高，色差值最低）。铣削牙也是唯一一种在临床可接受范围内显示出颜色变化（ΔE 值）的材料。假牙清洁剂对所有材料的光学和机械性能影响最大。人工老化后，3D 打印牙的表面粗糙度和硬度变化最大。
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