Karyotype and gene sequence of Wülker, 1996 (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Gydan Peninsula, Russia.

The karyotype features and gene sequence of Wülker, 1996 from the Gydan Peninsula are presented for the first time. Nine banding sequences were determined, eight of them hpiA2, hpiB1, hpiC1, hpiC2, hpiD1, hpiE1, hpiF3 and hpiG1 were previously known from European, Georgian (South Caucasus) and Siberian populations. One new banding sequence for , hpiB2, was found. The hpiA2 banding sequence was found in all individuals, and this is its second finding after the Georgian population (Karmokov 2019). The hpiF3 banding sequence was found only in the homozygous state. Additional B-chromosomes are absent. The genetic distances (K2P) between gene sequence from Gydan Peninsula and Norway are 1.1--1.3%, and Georgia - 1.8%, much lower than the commonly accepted threshold of 3% for species of genus Meigen, 1803. The phylogenetic tree for gene sequences estimated by Bayesian inference showed geographically determined clusters of Norway and Gydan and a separate lineage of the Georgian population of . The analysis of karyotype and gene sequences shows that the population of from the Gydan Peninsula has an intermediate position within the group between Georgian, Yakutian and Norwegian populations. The position of Fabricius, 1787 from Canada and Greenland on the phylogenetic tree is discussed.