腭裂儿童中耳积液：先天性或后天性？
Middle-ear effusion in children with cleft palate: congenital or acquired?
机构信息
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
出版信息
J Laryngol Otol. 2022 Feb;136(2):137-140. doi: 10.1017/S0022215122000093. Epub 2022 Jan 10.
OBJECTIVE
Cleft palates are one of the most common congenital malformations. Because of the loss of Eustachian tube function, middle-ear ventilation is reduced. The aim of this study was to determine if middle-ear effusions were present at birth or at the three-month audiological evaluation.
METHOD
A total of 53 children with a cleft palate were included. Data review included the results of newborn hearing screening, microscopic findings, a tympanometry, a free field audiometry and intra-operative findings.
RESULTS
A total of 58.4 per cent of patients had a median, 26.4 per cent had a bilateral, 11.3 per cent had a unilateral and 3.8 per cent had a limited soft palate cleft. Newborn hearing screening showed a pass in 83.1 per cent of newborns bilaterally. The first ear microscopy showed a bilateral middle-ear effusion in 90.6 per cent of cases. During cleft surgery, bilateral paracentesis was performed in all cases, and in 90.6 per cent middle-ear effusion was sucked out.
CONCLUSION
The majority of children with a cleft palate do not present with middle-ear effusion at birth. It develops within several days or weeks of life.
目的
腭裂是最常见的先天性畸形之一。由于咽鼓管功能丧失，中耳通气减少。本研究旨在确定中耳积液是在出生时还是在三个月的听力评估时出现。
方法
共纳入 53 例腭裂患儿。数据分析包括新生儿听力筛查结果、显微镜检查结果、鼓室压图、声场测听和术中发现。
结果
58.4%的患者为中隔腭裂，26.4%为双侧腭裂，11.3%为单侧腭裂，3.8%为软腭裂。新生儿听力筛查双侧通过的比例为 83.1%。第一次耳部显微镜检查显示 90.6%的病例双侧中耳积液。腭裂手术中，所有患者均行双侧鼓膜切开术，90.6%的患者吸出中耳积液。
结论
大多数腭裂患儿出生时无中耳积液。它在出生后几天或几周内发展。
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