William James Center for Research, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, R. Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1100-304 Lisboa, Portugal..
APPsyCI, ISPA - Intituto Universitário, R. Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1100-304 Lisboa, Portugal.
Child Abuse Negl. 2022 Feb;124:105459. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105459. Epub 2022 Jan 8.
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) have been associated with a greater risk of later criminal offending. However, existing research in this area has been primarily conducted in Western developed countries and cross-cultural studies are rare.
This study examined the relationship between ACEs and criminal behaviors in young adults living in 10 countries located across five continents, after accounting for sex, age, and cross-national differences.
In total, 3797 young adults aged between 18 and 20 years (M = 18.97; DP = 0.81) were assessed locally in community settings within the 10 countries.
The ACE Questionnaire was used to assess maltreatment and household dysfunction during childhood and a subset of questions derived from the Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBVS) was used to determine past-year criminal variety pertaining to 10 acts considered crime across participating countries.
Physical and sexual abuse, physical neglect, and household substance abuse were related to criminal variety, globally, and independently across sexes and countries ranked differently in the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). In addition, three out of five experiences of household dysfunction were related to criminal variety, but subsequent analyses indicate that some forms of household dysfunction only hold statistical significance among males or females, or in countries ranking lower in the HDI.
This research strengthens the finding that there are cross-cultural mechanisms perpetuating the cycle of violence. It also indicates that forms of household dysfunction have an impact on criminal behavior that is shaped by gender and the country's levels of social well-being.
不良童年经历（ACEs）与日后犯罪风险增加有关。然而，该领域的现有研究主要在西方发达国家进行，跨文化研究很少。
本研究在考虑了性别、年龄和跨国差异后，检验了生活在五大洲 10 个国家的年轻人 ACEs 与犯罪行为之间的关系。
共有 3797 名年龄在 18 至 20 岁之间的年轻人（M=18.97；DP=0.81）在 10 个国家的社区环境中进行了本地评估。
使用 ACE 问卷评估儿童时期的虐待和家庭功能障碍，以及源自偏差行为多样性量表（DBVS）的一组问题，用于确定过去一年与参与国家视为犯罪的 10 种行为有关的犯罪多样性。
全球范围内，身体和性虐待、身体忽视和家庭物质滥用与犯罪多样性有关，且在性别和联合国人类发展指数（HDI）排名不同的国家之间独立相关。此外，五种家庭功能障碍中有三种与犯罪多样性有关，但后续分析表明，某些形式的家庭功能障碍仅在男性或女性中或在 HDI 排名较低的国家中具有统计学意义。
这项研究加强了这样一种发现，即存在跨文化机制使暴力循环持续下去。它还表明，家庭功能障碍的形式对犯罪行为有影响，这种影响受到性别和国家社会福利水平的影响。
