Niemiec Marcin, Sikora Jakub, Szeląg-Sikora Anna, Gródek-Szostak Zofia, Komorowska Monika
Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland.
Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 116B, 30-149 Kraków, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jan 27;15(3):988. doi: 10.3390/ma15030988.
The utilization of municipal waste and sewage sludge as a source of energy is technically very difficult due to high variability of their physical and chemical properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the conversion of biomass contained in the whitewater fraction of municipal waste and sewage sludge by means of methanogenesis. The second objective was to assess the chemical composition of the digestate in the context of its use for fertilizer purposes. The whitewater fraction of municipal waste and sewage sludge was subjected to methanogenesis under static experimental conditions, according to DIM DIN 38414 methodology. The methanogenesis of concentrated substrates used in agricultural biogas plants was taken as a reference to evaluate the efficiency of the process. The organic fraction of the municipal waste was characterized by approximately 30% lower value of the soluble COD, with a comparable level of total COD compared to other materials. The total biogas yield, i.e., 404 dm per 1 kg of dry weight of the batch, was measured in the facility with sewage sludge. In COD value, this is 0.232 dm·g O COD. In the case of corn, these values were, respectively, 324 dm and 0.193, and for the organic sub-sieve fraction of municipal waste, 287 dm·kg dw or 0.178 dm·g O COD, respectively. The type of fermented material did not affect the intensity of biogas production. The maximum level of biogas production occurred between the 13th and 15th day of the process. The digestate obtained in the process of methanogenesis of corn silage and the organic fraction of municipal waste was characterized by good parameters in terms of possible use for fertilization purposes.
由于城市垃圾和污水污泥的物理和化学性质变化很大，将其作为能源来源在技术上非常困难。本研究的目的是评估通过甲烷生成法转化城市垃圾和污水污泥白水部分中所含生物质的效率。第二个目标是在将沼渣用于肥料用途的背景下评估其化学成分。根据德国工业标准（DIN）38414方法，在静态实验条件下对城市垃圾和污水污泥的白水部分进行甲烷生成。以农业沼气厂使用的浓缩底物的甲烷生成作为参考来评估该过程的效率。城市垃圾的有机部分的特点是可溶性化学需氧量（COD）值低约30%，与其他材料相比，总COD水平相当。在处理污水污泥的设施中测量了总沼气产量，即每1千克批次干重产生404立方分米。以COD值计，为0.232立方分米·克O COD。对于玉米，这些值分别为324立方分米和0.193，对于城市垃圾的有机筛下部分，分别为287立方分米·千克干重或0.178立方分米·克O COD。发酵材料的类型不影响沼气产生的强度。沼气产生的最高水平出现在该过程的第13天至15天之间。在玉米青贮饲料和城市垃圾有机部分的甲烷生成过程中获得的沼渣，就施肥用途的可能性而言，具有良好的参数。
