Janssen Dirk, Simón Almudena, Boulares Maher, Ruiz Leticia
Centro La Mojonera, IFAPA, 04745 La Mojonera, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jan 30;11(3):390. doi: 10.3390/plants11030390.
The tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) is a bipartite, single-stranded begomovirus that was first identified in India in 1995 affecting solanaceous crops. A different strain, named ToLCNDV-ES, was introduced in Spain in 2012 and causes severe symptoms in zucchini crops. Virus transmission experiments with the whitefly , were used to compare the transmission parameters in zucchini and tomato plants. The minimum acquisition access period and inoculation access period of ToLCNDV-ES transmission was similar in zucchini and tomato. However, the transmission efficiency was significantly higher in zucchini (96%) compared to tomato (2%). The maximum retention of the virus in the vector was 16 days. feeding on, or recently emerged from infected zucchini plants, accumulated more virus than those from infected tomato, as determined by real-time PCR. A total of 20% of that were recently emerged from infected zucchini, and none from infected tomato, were able to transmit the virus to virus-free zucchini. The results may explain the different incidences of ToLCNDV-ES in zucchini and tomato crops in Spain. But they are also relevant for ToLCNDV-ES management of crops and the role of the trade and transport of infected plant material, when small-sized immature stages of could be a source of infection.
番茄曲叶新德里病毒（ToLCNDV）是一种双分体单链双生病毒，1995年首次在印度被发现，可感染茄科作物。2012年，一种名为ToLCNDV-ES的不同毒株被引入西班牙，在西葫芦作物上引发严重症状。利用烟粉虱进行病毒传播实验，以比较西葫芦和番茄植株中的传播参数。ToLCNDV-ES传播的最短获毒期和接种期在西葫芦和番茄中相似。然而，西葫芦中的传播效率（96%）显著高于番茄（2%）。病毒在介体中的最长留存时间为16天。通过实时荧光定量PCR测定，取食感染西葫芦植株或刚从感染西葫芦植株羽化出的烟粉虱积累的病毒比取食感染番茄植株的烟粉虱更多。刚从感染西葫芦羽化出的烟粉虱中有20%能够将病毒传播给无毒西葫芦，而从感染番茄羽化出的烟粉虱无一能传播病毒。这些结果或许可以解释ToLCNDV-ES在西班牙西葫芦和番茄作物中发病率不同的原因。但这些结果对于ToLCNDV-ES的作物管理以及感染植物材料的贸易和运输所起的作用也具有重要意义，因为烟粉虱的小型未成熟阶段可能是感染源。
