Wherry Taylor L T, Mooyottu Shankumar, Stabel Judith R
Infectious Bacterial Diseases, National Animal Disease Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA, United States.
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Feb 8;9:830144. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.830144. eCollection 2022.
The role of vitamin D in modulating immune responses has been well-established for over two decades; however, its specific functions have not been extensively detailed in cattle, particularly cattle in different stages of infection with subspecies (MAP). Consistent with previous work in our lab, the present study showed that infected cattle in the clinical stage of disease have reduced serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Additionally, effects of vitamin D on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from naturally infected dairy cattle in subclinical ( = 8) or clinical ( = 8) stages of infection were compared to non-infected control cows ( = 8). Briefly, PBMCs were isolated and cultured with 4 ng/ml 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)D] or 100 ng/ml 25(OH)D. Treatment with 1,25(OH)D resulted in decreased secretion for some pro-inflammatory cytokines in clinical animals, including IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ. Similar responses for IL-1β and IL-6 were noted with the addition of 25(OH)D. Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression tended to be upregulated in PBMCs from clinical animals after treatment with 1,25(OH)D. In contrast, PBMCs from clinical animals treated with 25(OH)D showed downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression, although only significant for . Following 25(OH)D treatment, clinical animals showed significant reduction in CD4+CD25+ T cells. gene expression was notably decreased in clinical and control animals following 25(OH)D treatment but increased in subclinical cows. 1,25(OH)D treatment reduced gene expression in all groups, while 25(OH)D treatment only significantly reduced expression for control cows. Lastly, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in clinical animals. Taken together, these data show vitamin D modulates cytokine signaling in cattle at different stages of MAP infection and, therefore, may have implications on disease progression.
二十多年来，维生素D在调节免疫反应中的作用已得到充分证实；然而，其具体功能在牛身上，尤其是在感染不同亚种（MAP）的不同阶段的牛身上，尚未得到广泛详细的研究。与我们实验室之前的工作一致，本研究表明，处于疾病临床阶段的感染牛血清25-羟基维生素D [25(OH)D] 水平降低。此外，将维生素D对处于亚临床（n = 8）或临床（n = 8）感染阶段的自然感染奶牛外周血单核细胞（PBMCs）的影响与未感染的对照奶牛（n = 8）进行了比较。简而言之，分离PBMCs并用4 ng/ml 1,25-二羟基维生素D [1,25(OH)D] 或100 ng/ml 25(OH)D进行培养。用1,25(OH)D处理导致临床动物中一些促炎细胞因子的分泌减少，包括IL-1β、IL-6和IFN-γ。添加25(OH)D时，观察到IL-1β和IL-6有类似反应。此外，用1,25(OH)D处理后，临床动物PBMCs中促炎细胞因子基因表达倾向于上调。相比之下，用25(OH)D处理的临床动物PBMCs显示促炎细胞因子基因表达下调，尽管仅对IL-1β显著。25(OH)D处理后，临床动物的CD4+CD25+ T细胞显著减少。25(OH)D处理后，临床和对照动物的IL-17基因表达显著降低，但在亚临床奶牛中升高。1,25(OH)D处理降低了所有组的IL-17基因表达，而25(OH)D处理仅显著降低了对照奶牛的表达。最后，临床动物的血清25(OH)D水平显著较低。综上所述，这些数据表明维生素D在MAP感染的不同阶段调节牛的细胞因子信号传导，因此可能对疾病进展有影响。
