School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; SSPC Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
SSPC Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2022 Apr;173:54-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.02.013. Epub 2022 Feb 25.
Microneedlepatches, also called microarray patches(MAP),are an emergingtechnology for deliveryand samplingof drugs, vaccines and other materials. This review focuses on the materials and methods used to fabricate dissolvable microneedles(DMN)for pharmaceutical use.We outlinethe relative use ofexcipients, active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and methods usedfor DMN fabrication. An extensive search of primary literature, up to April 2021,identified 328 papers under the key terms "dissolvable microneedles" or "polymeric microneedles".We based the classification of materials on pharmacopoeia definitions.The majority (76%) ofthe identifiedpublications examined licensed or model therapeutic small molecule drugs. Mostreports (58%)focused ondrugs or vaccinesthat are licensed for clinical use. Therelativeuse of excipientswith drug-containing compared to vaccine-containing DMN is discussed.Tenpolymers and sugarswereused for both drug and vaccine DMN.Themost frequentmethods to produce DMNwerecasting into moulds using centrifugationorvacuum filling. Novel methods reported include centrifugal lithography and 3D printing. This review provides insight intomaterialselection,thefeasibilityofproductionmethodsat industrial scaleand outlines considerations for novel DMN patch fabrication.
微针贴片,也称为微阵列贴片(MAP),是一种用于药物、疫苗和其他物质的新型传递和采样技术。本综述重点介绍了用于药物的可溶解微针(DMN)的制造材料和方法。我们概述了辅料、活性药物成分(API)的相对用途以及用于 DMN 制造的方法。截至 2021 年 4 月,通过对主要文献进行广泛搜索,确定了 328 篇以“可溶解微针”或“聚合物微针”为关键词的论文。我们根据药典定义对材料进行分类。所确定的出版物中,大多数(76%)研究了许可或模型治疗性小分子药物。大多数报告(58%)重点研究了已获准临床使用的药物或疫苗。讨论了含有药物的 DMN 与含有疫苗的 DMN 之间辅料的相对使用情况。十种聚合物和糖用于药物和疫苗 DMN。最常用来生产 DMN 的方法是使用离心或真空填充将其浇铸到模具中。报告的新方法包括离心光刻和 3D 打印。本综述提供了对材料选择、工业规模生产方法的可行性以及新型 DMN 贴片制造的注意事项的深入了解。
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