Bourke Joanna
Birkbeck, University of London, UK.
J War Cult Stud. 2021 Feb 22;15(1):86-105. doi: 10.1080/17526272.2021.1884785. eCollection 2022.
Sexual violence is a serious problem within armed services. This article explores intra-service rape in branches of the U.S. military from the 1990s to the present. The article begins by establishing the parameters of the crisis of sexual abuse within the U.S. armed services. Second, it explores systematic failures to recognize forms of suffering. Victim-survivors in the military are vulnerable to military-specific obstacles to reporting their abuse and being believed. Attention is paid to differences by gender and sexual orientation. Third, it analyses the medicalization of suffering in the modern military and its effects. What meanings are assigned to 'military sexual trauma' (MST) and how has that label affected victim-survivors of rape or sexual assault? The article concludes by arguing that the concept of 'trauma' as it is applied to victims of sexual abuse does a formidable amount of political and ideological work.
性暴力是军队中的一个严重问题。本文探讨了20世纪90年代至今美国军队各分支内部的军中性侵问题。文章开篇先确定了美国军队中性虐待危机的参数。其次,探讨了在认识各种痛苦形式方面的系统性失误。军队中的受害者幸存者在报告其遭受的虐待并被他人相信时,容易受到特定于军队的障碍的影响。文章关注了性别和性取向方面的差异。第三,分析了现代军队中痛苦的医学化及其影响。“军事性创伤”(MST)被赋予了哪些含义,以及这个标签对强奸或性侵犯的受害者幸存者产生了怎样的影响?文章最后指出,应用于性虐待受害者的“创伤”概念做了大量的政治和意识形态工作。