Liu Xiaoyan, Feng Shaotong, Wang Caihua, Yan Dayun, Chen Lei, Wang Bao
School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China.
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Feb 22;12(5):740. doi: 10.3390/nano12050740.
The nanostructure-based surface texturing can be used to improve the materials wettability. Regarding oil−water separation, designing a surface with special wettability is as an important approach to improve the separation efficiency. Herein, a ZnO nanostructure was prepared by a two-step process for sol−gel process and crystal growth from the liquid phase to achieve both a superhydrophobicity in oil and a superoleophobic property in water. It is found that the filter material with nanostructures presented an excellent wettability. ZnO-coated stainless-steel metal fiber felt had a static underwater oil contact angle of 151.4° ± 0.8° and an underoil water contact angle of 152.7° ± 0.6°. Furthermore, to achieve water/oil separation, the emulsified impurities in both water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsion were effectively intercepted. Our filter materials with a small pore (~5 μm diameter) could separate diverse water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions with a high efficiency (>98%). Finally, the efficacy of filtering quantity on separation performance was also investigated. Our preliminary results showed that the filtration flux decreased with the collection of emulsified impurities. However, the filtration flux could restore after cleaning and drying, suggesting the recyclable nature of our method. Our nanostructured filter material is a promising candidate for both water-in-oil and oil-in-water separation in industry.
基于纳米结构的表面纹理化可用于改善材料的润湿性。对于油水分离而言，设计具有特殊润湿性的表面是提高分离效率的重要途径。在此，通过两步法制备了ZnO纳米结构，即溶胶-凝胶过程和从液相进行晶体生长，以实现油中的超疏水性和水中的超疏油性。结果发现，具有纳米结构的过滤材料呈现出优异的润湿性。涂覆ZnO的不锈钢金属纤维毡的静态水下油接触角为151.4°±0.8°，油下的水接触角为152.7°±0.6°。此外，为了实现水/油分离，有效拦截了油包水和水包油乳液中的乳化杂质。我们具有小孔径（约5μm直径）的过滤材料能够高效（>98%）分离各种油包水和水包油乳液。最后，还研究了过滤量对分离性能的影响。我们的初步结果表明，过滤通量随着乳化杂质的收集而降低。然而，清洗和干燥后过滤通量可以恢复，这表明我们的方法具有可回收性。我们的纳米结构过滤材料是工业中油包水和水包油分离的有前途的候选材料。
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