Fukunaga Shohei, Ogawa Noriko, Matsumoto Akihiro, Ito Takafumi, Tanabe Kazuaki, Otani Hiroki
Department of Internal Medicine IV, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
Department of Developmental Biology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
Biochem Biophys Rep. 2022 Mar 8;30:101245. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101245. eCollection 2022 Jul.
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide, and CKD is a serious global health problem. Low glomerular number is one of the risk factors for CKD; therefore, the glomerular number is associated with the risk of CKD. Increasing the glomerular number above normal levels may reduce the risk of CKD. It has been reported that, in vitro, the addition of retinoic acid (RA) to the culture medium increases the glomerular number. However, there is no report of an increase in glomerular number above normal levels with the addition of RA in vivo. In this study, RA (20 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to pregnant mice once at embryonic day (E) 10.5, E12.5, E14.5, or E16.5. The fetuses were harvested at E18.5 and fetal mouse kidneys were evaluated. Fetal kidney volume and weight were significantly increased in the E16.5 group compared to the control group. The total glomerular number in the E16.5 group was also approximately 1.46 times higher than that in the control group. In summary, we established a method to increase the glomerular number in the fetal kidney by administration of RA to pregnant mice at E16.5. These results will facilitate the investigation of whether CKD risk is reduced when the glomerular number increases above normal.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）在全球范围内的患病率正在上升，它是一个严重的全球健康问题。肾小球数量减少是CKD的危险因素之一；因此，肾小球数量与CKD风险相关。将肾小球数量增加到正常水平以上可能会降低CKD风险。据报道，在体外，向培养基中添加视黄酸（RA）可增加肾小球数量。然而，尚无在体内添加RA后肾小球数量增加到正常水平以上的报道。在本研究中，于胚胎第（E）10.5、E12.5、E14.5或E16.5天对怀孕小鼠腹腔注射一次RA（20mg/kg）。在E18.5时收获胎儿并评估胎鼠肾脏。与对照组相比，E16.5组的胎肾体积和重量显著增加。E16.5组的肾小球总数也比对照组高约1.46倍。总之，我们建立了一种通过在E16.5时给怀孕小鼠注射RA来增加胎肾肾小球数量的方法。这些结果将有助于研究当肾小球数量增加到正常水平以上时CKD风险是否降低。
