Laboratory of Epidemiologically and Socially Significant Infections, Scientific Centre of the Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russia.
Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022 Sep;69(5):e1800-e1814. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14515. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
Eastern Siberia (Russia) and Mongolia are borderline regions in Asia with a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB). In this study, we investigated the transborder transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with a focus on endemic and epidemic clones and drug resistance. M. tuberculosis isolates (287 from Mongolia and 754 from Russia) were collected using cross-sectional population-based surveys between 2010 and 2016. The isolates were genotyped using 24 variable number of tandem repeat loci and by testing of the key markers to discriminate within the Beijing genotype. All isolates were divided into 427 mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units types that were assigned to Lineage 2 (Beijing) and Lineage 4 (Ural, Haarlem, Latin American-Mediterranean [LAM], S, unclassified). The Beijing genotype was dominant in both countries (69% in Russia, 75% in Mongolia). However, the Beijing isolates differed significantly between the countries, in terms of the identified subtypes. LAM was the most common non-Beijing genotype (11.1% in Mongolia and 14.9% in Russia) and LAM isolates mostly belonged to the LAM-RUS branch in both countries. The multidrug-resistance (MDR) rate was higher in Russia than in Mongolia among newly diagnosed patients: 29.4% versus 5.6% (p < .001). In Mongolia, the MDR rate was similar in Beijing (29.7%) and non-Beijing (27.5%) genotypes. In Russia, a higher MDR rate was observed in (i) Beijing compared with non-Beijing (48.7% versus 38.3%, p = .03) and (ii) Beijing B0/W148 compared with Beijing Central Asian/Russian (63.4% versus 37.3%, p < .001). In conclusion, the M. tuberculosis population structure in Mongolia was shaped by mainly historical interaction with China (dominance of the Beijing genotype) and Northern Eurasia (presence of the LAM-RUS branch). In contrast, the transborder transmission of M. tuberculosis since the 1990s between Mongolia and its neighbours has been negligible, and the adverse trends of MDR-TB in Russia did not impact the current situation in Mongolia.
东西伯利亚（俄罗斯）和蒙古是亚洲的边境地区，结核病（TB）发病率很高。在这项研究中，我们调查了结核分枝杆菌的跨境传播，重点关注地方性和流行性克隆体以及耐药性。2010 年至 2016 年期间，使用横断面基于人群的调查收集了来自蒙古的 287 株和来自俄罗斯的 754 株结核分枝杆菌分离株。使用 24 个可变数目的串联重复位点对分离株进行基因分型，并通过测试关键标记物来区分北京基因型内的情况。所有分离株均分为 427 个分枝杆菌插入重复单元类型，分为 2 谱系（北京）和 4 谱系（乌拉尔、哈雷姆、拉丁美洲-地中海[LAM]、S、未分类）。北京基因型在两个国家都占主导地位（俄罗斯占 69%，蒙古占 75%）。然而，北京分离株在两个国家之间在鉴定的亚型方面存在显著差异。LAM 是最常见的非北京基因型（蒙古占 11.1%，俄罗斯占 14.9%），LAM 分离株在两个国家中主要属于 LAM-RUS 分支。新诊断患者中，俄罗斯的耐多药（MDR）率高于蒙古：29.4%比 5.6%（p<.001）。在蒙古，北京和非北京基因型的 MDR 率相似（29.7%和 27.5%）。在俄罗斯，北京与非北京（48.7%比 38.3%，p=.03）和北京 B0/W148 与北京中亚/俄罗斯（63.4%比 37.3%，p<.001）相比，MDR 率更高。总之，蒙古结核分枝杆菌种群结构主要受与中国（北京基因型占主导地位）和北欧亚（存在 LAM-RUS 分支）的历史相互作用的影响。相比之下，自 20 世纪 90 年代以来，蒙古与其邻国之间的结核分枝杆菌跨境传播可以忽略不计，俄罗斯耐多药结核病的不利趋势并没有影响蒙古的现状。
Zotero 插件