Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Subst Use Misuse. 2022;57(6):897-910. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2052097. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
In the school year immediately following cannabis legalization in Canada, this paper investigated youth perceptions of school support for the prevention and cessation of substance use. Scant research has examined student perceptions in relation to school disciplinary approaches. This study was the first to classify school discipline approach styles using school-level measures. The objective of this study was to examine whether different school cannabis use-related disciplinary approaches are associated with student cannabis use and perceptions of school supportiveness for the prevention and cessation of substance use. School- and student-level survey data from Year 7 (the 2018/2019 school year) of the COMPASS study were used, including 68,037 grade 9-12 (Secondary I-V in Quebec) students attending 131 Canadian secondary schools. Schools were classified as using different cannabis use-related disciplinary styles based on school-administrator reported approaches to student first-offense violations of school cannabis policies. We identified that although none of the cannabis use-related disciplinary approach styles examined were associated with cannabis use, they were associated with student perceptions. Students attending schools classified as using a Permissive/Supportive approach had a higher likelihood of perceiving their school as supportive for substance use prevention/cessation than their peers at Authoritarian schools. Students who perceived their school as supportive for substance use prevention/cessation were less likely to report current cannabis use than their peers who perceived their school as unsupportive. Unlike previous studies using school classification styles that are based on student perceptions, results do not support direct associations between school cannabis use-related disciplinary styles and student cannabis use. Future prospective research should examine whether supportive disciplinary approaches (e.g., counseling referrals, educational programs) promote student perceptions of school supportiveness, and in turn, deter student substance use.
在加拿大大麻合法化后的学年里，本文研究了年轻人对学校预防和戒除药物使用的支持的看法。很少有研究调查过学生对学校纪律措施的看法。本研究首次使用学校层面的措施对学校纪律措施方法进行分类。本研究的目的是检验不同的与学校大麻使用相关的纪律措施方法是否与学生的大麻使用以及对学校预防和戒除药物使用的支持性的看法有关。本研究使用了 COMPASS 研究的第 7 学年（2018-2019 学年）的学校和学生层面的调查数据，包括 131 所加拿大中学的 68037 名 9-12 年级（魁北克的中学一至五年级）学生。根据学校管理人员报告的学生首次违反学校大麻政策的情况，将学校分类为使用不同的与大麻使用相关的纪律措施方法。我们发现，尽管所研究的与大麻使用相关的纪律措施方法都与大麻使用无关，但它们与学生的看法有关。被归类为使用宽松/支持性方法的学校的学生，更有可能认为他们的学校支持预防/戒除药物使用，而不是来自专制学校的同龄人。认为自己的学校支持预防/戒除药物使用的学生，比认为自己的学校不支持的学生更不可能报告当前使用大麻。与以前使用基于学生看法的学校分类方法的研究不同，结果并不支持与学校大麻使用相关的纪律措施方法与学生大麻使用之间的直接关联。未来的前瞻性研究应该检验支持性的纪律措施方法（例如咨询转介、教育项目）是否能促进学生对学校支持性的看法，从而防止学生使用药物。
