通过超长反相液相色谱(RPLC)-MS/MS 对全甲基化聚糖进行异构体分离。

Isomeric separation of permethylated glycans by extra-long reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)-MS/MS.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, USA.

出版信息

Analyst. 2022 May 17;147(10):2048-2059. doi: 10.1039/d2an00010e.

Abstract

Glycosylation is known as a critical biological process that can largely affect the properties and the functions of proteins. Glycan isomers have been shown to be involved in a variety of disease progressions. However, the separation and identification of glycan isomers has been a challenge for years due to the microheterogeneity of glycan isomeric structures. Therefore, effective and stable techniques have been investigated over the last few decades to improve isomeric separations of glycans. RPLC has been widely used in biomolecule analysis because of its extraordinary reproducibility and reliability in retention time and separation resolution. However, so far, no studies have achieved high resolution of glycan isomers using this technique. In this study, we focused on further boosting the isomeric separation of permethylated glycans using a 500 mm reversed-phase LC column. To achieve better resolutions on permethylated glycans, different LC conditions were optimized using glycan standards, including core- and branch-fucosylated -glycan isomers and sialic acid linked isomers, which were both successfully separated. Then, the optimal separation strategy was applied to achieve separations of - and -glycan isomers derived from model glycoproteins, including bovine fetuin, ribonuclease B and κ-casein. Baseline separations were observed on multiple sialylated linkage isomers. However, the separation performance of high-mannose isomers needs further improvement. The reproducibility and stability of this long C18 column was also tested by doing run-to-run, day-to-day and month-to-month comparisons of retention times on multiple glycans and the %RSD was found less than 0.92%. Finally, we applied this approach to separate glycan isomers derived from complex biological samples, including blood serum and cell lines, where baseline separations were attained on several isomeric structures. Compared to the separation efficiency of PGC and MGC columns, the RPLC C18 column provides lower resolution but more robust reproducibility, which makes it a good complementary alternative for isomeric separations of glycans.

摘要

糖基化是一种重要的生物过程,它可以极大地影响蛋白质的性质和功能。糖基异构体已被证明参与了多种疾病的进展。然而,由于糖基异构体结构的微不均一性,糖基异构体的分离和鉴定多年来一直是一个挑战。因此,过去几十年来,人们一直在研究有效和稳定的技术来改善糖基的异构体分离。RPLC 由于其在保留时间和分离分辨率方面的出色重现性和可靠性,已广泛用于生物分子分析。然而,到目前为止,还没有研究使用该技术实现糖基异构体的高分辨率分离。在这项研究中,我们专注于使用 500mm 反相 LC 柱进一步提高甲基化糖的异构体分离。为了在甲基化糖上获得更好的分辨率,使用聚糖标准品优化了不同的 LC 条件,包括核心和支链岩藻糖基化 -聚糖异构体和唾液酸化连接异构体,这些异构体都成功地得到了分离。然后,将最佳分离策略应用于从模型糖蛋白(包括牛胎球蛋白、核糖核酸酶 B 和 κ-酪蛋白)中获得的 -和 -聚糖异构体的分离。在多个唾液酸化连接异构体上观察到基线分离。然而,高甘露糖异构体的分离性能需要进一步提高。通过对多个聚糖的保留时间进行运行到运行、每天和每月的比较,以及对 %RSD 的测试,发现该长 C18 柱具有良好的重现性和稳定性,其值小于 0.92%。最后,我们将该方法应用于从复杂生物样品(包括血清和细胞系)中分离糖基异构体,在这些样品中,几种异构体结构实现了基线分离。与 PGC 和 MGC 柱的分离效率相比,RPLC C18 柱提供的分辨率较低,但重现性更稳健,因此它是糖基异构体分离的良好补充选择。

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