Department of Entomology and Acarology, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, 13418-900, 11 Pádua Dias Avenue, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2022 Jun 8;115(3):757-766. doi: 10.1093/jee/toac026.
Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a key insect pest in soybean fields in Brazil but data are lacking on the relationship between pest abundance and crop yield and quality. Controlled infestation studies were conducted on caged soybean plants in the field over a two year period at two sites in Brazil. Differences in temperature in the two years affected population growth of B. tabaci, reaching 413 nymphs per leaflet in the first year, and 179 the second year even when the average temperature was 3ºC higher. Higher temperatures promoted a shorter lifecycle and nearly one more generation. Yield was affected with losses up to 500 kg/ha in 2017/2018 and 1,147 kg/ha in 2018/2019. A decrease in the weight of a thousand grains of 18 and 33 g was observed in the first and second year, respectively. No significant differences were observed in grain germination, but estimated losses in protein content were up to 440 kg/ha at the highest infestation level. Pest density and yield data were used to estimate economic injury levels (EILs). EILs ranged from 2.5 to 25.67 nymphs per leaflet and 0.17-1.79 adults per leaflet over a range of control costs, soybean production values, and control efficacies. These results should provide data useful toward development of pest management decision making tools.
烟粉虱 MEAM1（半翅目：粉虱科）是巴西大豆田中的一种重要害虫，但关于害虫数量与作物产量和质量之间的关系的数据尚缺乏。在巴西的两个地点，通过两年的田间笼养大豆植物进行了受控侵染研究。两年间温度的差异影响了烟粉虱的种群增长，第一年每叶达到 413 头若虫，第二年即使平均温度高 3°C，仍达到 179 头。较高的温度促进了较短的生命周期和几乎多一代的生命周期。产量受到影响，2017/2018 年损失高达 500 公斤/公顷，2018/2019 年损失高达 1147 公斤/公顷。第一年和第二年观察到千粒重分别下降了 18 和 33 克。尽管在最高侵染水平下估计的蛋白质含量损失高达 440 公斤/公顷，但籽粒发芽率没有显著差异。害虫密度和产量数据用于估计经济损害水平 (EIL)。在一系列控制成本、大豆产量值和控制效果下，EIL 范围为每叶 2.5 到 25.67 头若虫和每叶 0.17 到 1.79 头成虫。这些结果应该为开发害虫管理决策工具提供有用的数据。
