Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
APPEAR, Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU Montpellier, France.
Body Image. 2022 Jun;41:262-266. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.03.005. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
Problematic muscularity-oriented behaviors, such as excessive weightlifting and muscle-building supplement and substance use (e.g., creatine, steroids), are common among young people, particularly boys and men. Theoretical models of eating disorders, and their constructs, are helpful in conceptualizing a number of risk factors that may increase the likelihood of developing problematic muscularity-oriented behaviors; however, these models lack a clear delineation of the factors that may specifically lead to the initiation and pursuit of these behaviors. This paper provides a brief overview of the theoretical models that have usefully framed research on problematic muscularity-oriented behaviors and the risk factors that been identified through this work. In addition, it identifies gaps related to understanding the factors leading to the initiation and continued or discontinued engagement in these behaviors, and it provides ideas for future research to help fill these gaps. Understanding the ways in which risk factors combine sequentially and interactively, to produce pathways to problematic muscularity-oriented behaviors is crucial for researchers to strengthen theoretical understandings of these behaviors, to inform intervention efforts, and guide policy and practice to decrease their rates among youth.
以肌肉发达为导向的问题行为，如过度举重和肌肉增强补充剂和物质使用（如肌酸、类固醇），在年轻人中很常见，尤其是男孩和男性。饮食失调的理论模型及其构建有助于概念化一些可能增加出现以肌肉发达为导向的问题行为的可能性的风险因素；然而，这些模型缺乏对可能具体导致这些行为的起始和追求的因素的明确划分。本文简要概述了有助于对以肌肉发达为导向的问题行为进行研究的理论模型，以及通过这些工作确定的风险因素。此外，它还确定了与理解导致这些行为的起始和持续或停止参与的因素相关的差距，并为未来的研究提供了思路，以帮助填补这些差距。了解风险因素如何依次组合和相互作用，从而产生以肌肉发达为导向的问题行为的途径，对于研究人员加强对这些行为的理论理解、为干预工作提供信息以及指导政策和实践以降低年轻人中这些行为的发生率至关重要。
