Jaroszynski Chloé, Job Agnès, Jedynak Maciej, David Olivier, Delon-Martin Chantal
University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France.
Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, IRBA, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.
Brain Sci. 2022 Mar 1;12(3):334. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12030334.
In tinnitus literature, researchers have increasingly been advocating for a clearer distinction between tinnitus perception and tinnitus-related distress. In non-bothersome tinnitus, the perception itself can be more specifically investigated: this has provided a body of evidence, based on resting-state and activation fMRI protocols, highlighting the involvement of regions outside the conventional auditory areas, such as the right parietal operculum. Here, we aim to conduct a review of available investigations of the human parietal operculo-insular subregions conducted at the microscopic, mesoscopic, and macroscopic scales arguing in favor of an auditory-somatosensory cross-talk. Both the previous literature and new results on functional connectivity derived from cortico-cortical evoked potentials show that these subregions present a dense tissue of interconnections and a strong connectivity with auditory and somatosensory areas in the healthy brain. Disrupted integration processes between these modalities may thus result in erroneous perceptions, such as tinnitus. More precisely, we highlight the role of a subregion of the right parietal operculum, known as OP3 according to the Jülich atlas, in the integration of auditory and somatosensory representation of the orofacial muscles in the healthy population. We further discuss how a dysfunction of these muscles could induce hyperactivity in the OP3. The evidence of direct electrical stimulation of this area eliciting auditory hallucinations further suggests its involvement in tinnitus perception. Finally, a small number of neuroimaging studies of therapeutic interventions for tinnitus provide additional evidence of right parietal operculum involvement.
在耳鸣文献中,研究人员越来越主张更清晰地区分耳鸣感知和与耳鸣相关的痛苦。在不烦人的耳鸣中,可以更具体地研究感知本身:这基于静息态和激活功能磁共振成像协议提供了一系列证据,突出了传统听觉区域之外的区域的参与,比如右侧顶叶岛盖。在此,我们旨在对在微观、介观和宏观尺度上对人类顶叶岛盖-脑岛亚区域进行的现有研究进行综述,支持听觉-体感交叉对话的观点。先前的文献以及来自皮质-皮质诱发电位的功能连接新结果均表明,这些亚区域在健康大脑中呈现出密集的相互连接组织以及与听觉和体感区域的强连接。因此,这些模态之间的整合过程中断可能会导致错误感知,如耳鸣。更确切地说,我们强调右侧顶叶岛盖的一个亚区域(根据尤利希图谱称为OP3)在健康人群口面部肌肉听觉和体感表征整合中的作用。我们进一步讨论这些肌肉的功能障碍如何在OP3中诱发多动。直接电刺激该区域引发幻听的证据进一步表明其与耳鸣感知有关。最后,少数关于耳鸣治疗干预的神经影像学研究为右侧顶叶岛盖的参与提供了额外证据。
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