Departments of Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi, 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
PIA Nakamura Hospital, Tsuboi, 3-818-1, Saeki-ku, Hiroshima 731-5142, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 14;19(6):3419. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063419.
We investigated how jelly is crushed and examined the relationship between tongue pressure and tongue food crushing ability among older adults requiring nursing home care. Seventy-two participants were instructed to freely crush the test foods soft jelly (SJ) and hard jelly (HJ). We visually evaluated the crushability of the test food and identified the intraoral tissues (active sites) used to crush the test food. The active sites were consistent for all participants for both SJ and HJ, and they included the maxillary and mandibular teeth in 41 participants, teeth and residual ridges in 15 participants, maxillary and mandibular residual ridges in 10 participants, and tongue and palate in six participants. Two participants failed to crush the SJ; the active sites in both participants were the tongue and palate. No participant using the tongue and palate as active sites could crush the HJ. Furthermore, 64 participants could crush the SJ and 23 could crush the HJ using the tongue and palate. The cutoff value of the tongue pressure for crushability of the HJ was 22.0 kPa. Assessing tongue pressure and intraoral active sites involved in food crushing could help determine an appropriate diet for older adults requiring nursing home care.
我们研究了果冻是如何被压碎的，并调查了需要养老院护理的老年人的舌压与舌食破碎能力之间的关系。72 名参与者被要求自由地压碎测试食品软果冻（SJ）和硬果冻（HJ）。我们直观地评估了测试食物的可压碎性，并确定了用于压碎测试食物的口腔内组织（活动部位）。对于 SJ 和 HJ，所有参与者的活动部位都是一致的，其中 41 名参与者使用上颌和下颌牙齿，15 名参与者使用牙齿和残余牙槽嵴，10 名参与者使用上颌和下颌残余牙槽嵴，6 名参与者使用舌头和 palate。有两名参与者未能压碎 SJ；两名参与者的活动部位都是舌头和 palate。没有使用舌头和 palate 作为活动部位的参与者能够压碎 HJ。此外，64 名参与者可以使用舌头和 palate 压碎 SJ，23 名参与者可以压碎 HJ。压碎 HJ 的舌压临界值为 22.0 kPa。评估舌压和参与食物破碎的口腔内活动部位可以帮助确定需要养老院护理的老年人的适当饮食。
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