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自发性高血压大鼠表现出更高的冲动行为,但在具有正性和负性后果的冲动选择中表现出相等的冲动选择。

Spontaneously hypertensive rats show higher impulsive action, but equal impulsive choice with both positive and aversive consequences.

机构信息

Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico.

Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México DF 04510, Mexico.

出版信息

Behav Brain Res. 2022 Jun 3;427:113858. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113858. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Abstract

Both positive and aversive delayed consequences play an important role in decision making. However, most of research has studied the temporal discounting of the positive consequences, while the study of the aversives is scarce in general and null in some areas. This is the case of research on impulsivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), an animal model of ADHD. To evaluate SHRs' sensitivity to aversive delayed consequences, we employed a choice procedure in which subjects chose between a smaller-amount alternative and a larger-amount alternative plus a shock; when preference for the smaller-amount alternative stabilized, five different delays to the shock were presented with the objective of analyzing the recovery of preference for the larger-amount alternative, which is related to the sensitivity to the delayed aversive consequence. To analyze the sensitivity to delayed positive consequences we employed a procedure that evaluated the preference between a smaller-amount alternative and a larger-amount alternative as a function of the delay to the later. Finally, to evaluate impulsive action we employed a DRL 10 s schedule. In all tasks, Wistar rats were evaluated as control strain. The results indicated that choice impulsivity was equivalent between strains, both for positive and for aversive consequences. In contrast, we found a higher level of impulsive action in SHR.

摘要

正性和负性延迟后果在决策中都起着重要作用。然而,大多数研究都研究了正性后果的时间折扣,而一般来说,对负性后果的研究很少,在某些领域甚至是空白。这就是 ADHD 动物模型自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)的冲动性研究的情况。为了评估 SHR 对负性延迟后果的敏感性,我们采用了一种选择程序,其中被试在较小金额的选择和较大金额的选择加电击之间进行选择;当对较小金额的选择稳定时,会呈现五个不同的延迟电击,目的是分析对较大金额的选择的偏好恢复,这与对延迟负性后果的敏感性有关。为了分析对延迟正性后果的敏感性,我们采用了一种程序,根据延迟时间评估较小金额的选择和较大金额的选择之间的偏好。最后,为了评估冲动行为,我们采用了 DRL 10s 时间表。在所有任务中,Wistar 大鼠被评估为对照品系。结果表明,正性和负性后果的选择冲动性在品系之间是相等的。相比之下,我们发现 SHR 的冲动行为水平更高。

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