Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil.
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2022 Mar 30;38(3):e00093621. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00093621. eCollection 2022.
This study aims to analyze the relationship between social isolation and loneliness with smoking in older adults. This is a cross-sectional, population-based study performed with 986 individuals aged 60 years or older. Data were collected from the Health Survey of the Municipality of Campinas (ISACamp 2014/2015), state of São Paulo, Brazil. We estimated the prevalence of smoking and smoking cessation according to independent variables and tested the associations using the chi-square test, considering a 5% significance level. Adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using simple and multiple Poisson regression. Smoking and smoking cessation were not associated with most variables that indicate objective social isolation. "Often or always" loneliness was related to a higher prevalence of smoking (PR = 2.25; 95%CI: 1.38-3.66) whereas loneliness accompanied of self-reported emotional problems or common mental disorders was strongly associated with smoking and with lower smoking cessation (PR = 6.24; 95%CI: 1.37-28.47 and PR = 0.46; 95%CI: 0.28-0.77, respectively). These findings indicate that loneliness is a psychosocial aspect related to tobacco use which hinders smoking cessation in older adults, emphasizing the importance of emotional problems in this association.
本研究旨在分析老年人社会隔离和孤独感与吸烟之间的关系。这是一项横断面、基于人群的研究，共纳入 986 名 60 岁或以上的个体。数据来自巴西圣保罗州坎皮纳斯市健康调查（ISACamp 2014/2015）。我们根据自变量估计了吸烟和戒烟的流行率，并使用卡方检验测试了关联，置信水平为 5%。使用简单和多泊松回归计算了调整后的流行率比。吸烟和戒烟与大多数表示客观社会隔离的变量无关。“经常或总是”感到孤独与更高的吸烟流行率相关（PR = 2.25；95%CI：1.38-3.66），而孤独伴有自我报告的情绪问题或常见精神障碍与吸烟和戒烟率低密切相关（PR = 6.24；95%CI：1.37-28.47 和 PR = 0.46；95%CI：0.28-0.77）。这些发现表明，孤独是一个与烟草使用相关的社会心理方面，它阻碍了老年人戒烟，强调了在这种关联中情绪问题的重要性。
