Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY College at Old Westbury, Old Westbury, NY, United States.
Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.
Methods Cell Biol. 2022;168:67-86. doi: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2021.12.009. Epub 2022 Jan 20.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is characterized by progressive demyelination and neurodegeneration. It is considered an autoimmune disorder as autologous myelin-reactive T cells infiltrate the CNS, activate peripheral and resident innate immune cells, and promote local inflammation. MS in humans is characterized by a wide variety of clinical disease courses, which has made this disease complex to model in an experimental system. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is currently the most common animal model for MS. Animals who undergo EAE recapitulate many of the hallmarks of MS in humans, such as motor deficits and CNS demyelination. Most importantly, all models of EAE utilize myelin-reactive T cells to target the myelin sheath, which allows for the effective investigation and testing of immunomodulatory therapies for MS. Here, we describe several methods by which EAE can be induced, observed, scored, and quantified experimentally.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）的慢性脱髓鞘疾病，其特征是进行性脱髓鞘和神经退行性变。它被认为是一种自身免疫性疾病，因为自身反应性髓鞘反应性 T 细胞浸润中枢神经系统，激活外周和固有免疫细胞，并促进局部炎症。人类多发性硬化症的特征是临床表现多种多样，这使得该疾病在实验系统中难以建模。实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）是目前最常见的多发性硬化症动物模型。患有 EAE 的动物会重现人类多发性硬化症的许多特征，例如运动功能障碍和中枢神经系统脱髓鞘。最重要的是，EAE 的所有模型都利用髓鞘反应性 T 细胞靶向髓鞘鞘，从而能够有效地研究和测试多发性硬化症的免疫调节疗法。在这里，我们描述了几种诱导、观察、评分和量化实验性 EAE 的方法。
