环境信息披露是否能提高中老年居民的健康水平？来自中国的证据。
Does Environmental Information Disclosure Improve the Health Level of Middle-Aged and Old Residents? Evidence From China.
机构信息
Business School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Donghai Strategic Research Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2022 Mar 17;10:776850. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.776850. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to empirically examine the impact of environmental information disclosure on the health of middle-aged and old residents and investigate whether such disclosure can improve the health of middle-aged and old residents.
METHODS
This study matches the data of the Pollution Information Transparency Index (PITI) and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018 and uses the ordered logistic regression model to assess the impact of environmental information disclosure on the health of middle-aged and old residents. Furthermore, stepwise regression, ordinary least square, and ordered probit regression models are used for robustness tests. The IV-Ordered probit regression model solves the endogenous problem.
RESULTS
Environmental information disclosure has a significant positive correlation with the health level of middle-aged and old residents. After the robustness test and endogenous problem handling, this conclusion still holds. Estimation results show that when PITI increases by 1 unit, the probability of improving the self-reported health level and actual health level of middle-aged and old residents increases by 1 and 0.87%, respectively. The impact of environmental information disclosure on the health of middle-aged and old residents also has significant regional heterogeneity. Specifically, the impact is mainly reflected in the central region of China.
CONCLUSION
Environmental information disclosure can improve the health of middle-aged and old residents. To improve the health of middle-aged and old residents, it is necessary to implement and enhance the environmental information disclosure system continuously. The anti-driving effect of environmental information disclosure on the treatment of environmental pollution must be intensified further, particularly focusing on the central region of China, where is more polluted and more concentrated than other regions.
目的
本研究旨在实证检验环境信息披露对中老年居民健康的影响，并探讨环境信息披露是否能改善中老年居民的健康。
方法
本文匹配了污染信息透明度指数（PITI）和 2018 年中国健康与养老追踪调查的数据，使用有序逻辑回归模型评估了环境信息披露对中老年居民健康的影响。此外，还使用逐步回归、普通最小二乘法和有序概率回归模型进行稳健性检验。IV-有序概率回归模型解决了内生性问题。
结果
环境信息披露与中老年居民的健康水平呈显著正相关。经过稳健性检验和内生性问题处理后，这一结论仍然成立。估计结果表明，当 PITI 增加 1 个单位时，中老年居民自我报告健康水平和实际健康水平提高的概率分别增加 1%和 0.87%。环境信息披露对中老年居民健康的影响也存在显著的区域异质性。具体而言，这种影响主要体现在中国的中部地区。
结论
环境信息披露可以改善中老年居民的健康。为了改善中老年居民的健康，需要不断实施和加强环境信息披露制度。进一步加强环境信息披露对环境污染治理的反驱动效应，特别是要关注污染程度比其他地区更高、更为集中的中国中部地区。
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