Pratanaphon Sainatee, Sonsuwan Nuntigar, Chaimano Sonsuwan, Chandee Sirinad, Autkhruea Kewalin, Sa-Nguanmoo Piangkwan, Wonglangka Khanittha
Department of Physical Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Department of Otolaryngology, Chiang Mai University, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Turk Thorac J. 2022 Mar;23(2):104-108. doi: 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2022.21115.
Obstructive sleep apnea causes a marked decrease in lung volume and increases lung elasticity in obese adults. However, pulmonary and respiratory muscle function of obese children with obstructive sleep apnea who are more prone to develop airway obstruction than adults is less understood. This study aimed to determine the effects of obstructive sleep apnea on pulmonary and respiratory muscle function in obese children and adolescents compared to those without obstructive sleep apnea.
This cross-sectional study enrolled 12 obese children and adolescents with a known polysomnographic diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea and 12 controls that were matched for age, gender, and body mass index. Pulmonary function, maximal inspiratory pressure, maximum voluntary ventilation, and anthropometric variables were measured. RESULTS Obese children and adolescents with obstructive sleep apnea exhibited significantly lower maximal mid-expiratory flow and displayed a forced expiratory flow at 50% and 75% of vital capacity (all P < .05) compared to the control group. However, there were no changes in other pulmonary function variables (all P > .05). Their maximal inspiratory pressure and maximum voluntary ventilation were lower than those of the controls, but this was not statistically significant (all P > .05).
Obstructive sleep apnea did not change pulmonary and respiratory muscle function in obese children and adolescents. The special assessment should be warranted to identify a reduction in maximal mid-expiratory flow and forced expiratory flow at 50% and 75% of vital capacity observed in this population.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停会导致肥胖成年人肺容量显著降低，并增加肺弹性。然而，与成年人相比更容易发生气道阻塞的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停肥胖儿童的肺和呼吸肌功能却鲜为人知。本研究旨在确定阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停对肥胖儿童和青少年肺及呼吸肌功能的影响，并与无阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的儿童和青少年进行比较。
这项横断面研究纳入了12名经多导睡眠图确诊为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的肥胖儿童和青少年，以及12名年龄、性别和体重指数相匹配的对照组。测量了肺功能、最大吸气压力、最大自主通气量和人体测量学变量。结果：与对照组相比，患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的肥胖儿童和青少年的最大呼气中期流速显著降低，在肺活量的50%和75%时的用力呼气流量也降低（所有P < 0.05）。然而，其他肺功能变量没有变化（所有P > 0.05）。他们的最大吸气压力和最大自主通气量低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（所有P > 0.05）。
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停并未改变肥胖儿童和青少年的肺及呼吸肌功能。对于该人群中观察到的最大呼气中期流速以及肺活量50%和75%时用力呼气流量的降低，应进行专项评估。
