Ngomane Nomalizo C, Pieterse Elsje, Woods Michael J, Conlong Des E
Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, Western Cape, South Africa.
South African Sugarcane Research Institute, 170 Flanders Drive, Mount Edgecombe 4300, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Insects. 2022 Mar 23;13(4):316. doi: 10.3390/insects13040316.
The carcass milling technique (CMT) formulates specific diets from nutrient analyses of species to be reared and their natural host plants. The first of four diets developed used the minimum ingredient specifications (MS) of published diets for Eldana saccharina. The remaining were based on the ideal amino acid composition and profile (IAAP) of its second (IAAP2), third/fourth (IAAP3/4) and fifth/sixth (IAAP5/6) instar larvae. The control was a modified Ostrinia nubilalis diet. Survival to pupae of inoculated E saccharina neonates was high on all CMT formulations (>92% at day 20 and >97% at day 27). Larvae developed fastest on the IAAP3/4 and MS diets (25% and 17% prepupae and pupae on day 20, respectively). Pupal weights were not significantly influenced by CMT diets (0.1121 g male; 0.1864 g female). The control group produced heavier male and female pupae (0.1204 g; 0.2085 g, respectively). Adult emergence was highest from the MS (98%), then the IAAP3/4 (97%) and control (96%) diets. Sex ratio of adults from all diets was close to one. Males from the IAAP5/6 diet mated with significantly more females (six), and females from the MS diet mated with more males (three) than those from remaining formulations. All females produced in excess of 870 eggs, more than 90% were fertile after mating. The pH (4.79); moisture content (81.43%) and water activity (0.92 aw) of the diets were not significantly different, maintaining quality and stability throughout the larval period, ensuring optimal growth and development. The MS diet formulation was the preferred choice to replace the current E. saccharina diet.
虫体研磨技术（CMT）根据待饲养物种及其天然寄主植物的营养分析来制定特定日粮。所研发的四种日粮中的第一种采用了已公布的蔗蛀茎夜蛾日粮的最低成分规格（MS）。其余日粮则基于其第二龄（IAAP2）、第三/四龄（IAAP3/4）和第五/六龄（IAAP5/6）幼虫的理想氨基酸组成和谱（IAAP）。对照组为改良的欧洲玉米螟日粮。接种的蔗蛀茎夜蛾初孵幼虫在所有CMT配方日粮上化蛹存活率都很高（第20天>92%，第27天>97%）。幼虫在IAAP3/4和MS日粮上发育最快（第20天分别有25%和17%的预蛹和蛹）。CMT日粮对蛹重无显著影响（雄蛹0.1121克；雌蛹0.1864克）。对照组产生的雄蛹和雌蛹更重（分别为0.1204克和0.2085克）。成虫羽化率最高的是MS日粮（98%），其次是IAAP3/4日粮（97%）和对照组日粮（96%）。所有日粮的成虫性别比接近1。来自IAAP5/6日粮的雄蛾与显著更多的雌蛾交配（六只），来自MS日粮的雌蛾与比其他配方更多的雄蛾交配（三只）。所有雌蛾产卵超过870枚，交配后超过90%的卵可育。日粮的pH值（4.79）、水分含量（81.43%）和水分活度（0.92 aw）无显著差异，在整个幼虫期保持质量和稳定性，确保最佳生长和发育。MS日粮配方是替代当前蔗蛀茎夜蛾日粮的首选。
