El Okle Osama S, Tohamy Hossam G, Althobaiti Saed A, Soliman Mohamed Mohamed, Ghamry Heba I, Farrag Foad, Shukry Mustafa
Departement of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22758, Egypt.
Departement of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22758, Egypt.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 11;11(4):757. doi: 10.3390/antiox11040757.
The current study was instigated by investigating the ameliorative potential of Ornipural solution against the hepato-renal toxicity of malathion. A total number of 35 male Wistar albino rats were divided equally into five groups. Group 1 served as control and received normal saline intraperitoneally. Group 2, the sham group, were administered only corn oil (vehicle of malathion) orally. Group 3 was orally intoxicated by malathion in corn oil at a dose of 135 mg/kg BW via intra-gastric gavage. Group 4 received malathion orally concomitantly with Ornipural intraperitoneally. Group 5 was given Ornipural solution in saline via intraperitoneal injection at a dose of (1 mL/kg BW). Animals received the treatment regime for 30 days. Histopathological examination revealed the harmful effect of malathion on hepatic and renal tissue. The results showed that malathion induced a significant decrease in body weight and marked elevation in the activity of liver enzymes, LDH, and ACP. In contrast, the activity of AchE and Paraoxonase was markedly decreased. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the serum content of bilirubin, cholesterol, and kidney injury markers. A significant elevation in malondialdehyde, nitric oxide (nitrite), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine was observed, along with a substantial reduction in antioxidant activity. Furthermore, malathion increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha, the upregulation of IL-1B, BAX, and IFN-β genes, and the downregulation of Nrf2, Bcl2, and HO-1 genes. Concurrent administration of Ornipural with malathion attenuated the detrimental impact of malathion through ameliorating metabolic biomarkers, restoring antioxidant activity, reducing the inflammatory response, and improving pathologic microscopic alterations. It could be concluded that Ornipural solution demonstrates hepatorenal defensive impacts against malathion toxicity at biochemical, antioxidants, molecular, and cellular levels.
本研究旨在探究奥尼普尔溶液对马拉硫磷肝肾毒性的改善潜力。总共35只雄性Wistar白化大鼠被平均分为五组。第1组作为对照组，腹腔注射生理盐水。第2组为假手术组，仅口服玉米油（马拉硫磷的溶剂）。第3组经胃管灌胃，以135 mg/kg体重的剂量口服玉米油中的马拉硫磷。第4组口服马拉硫磷的同时腹腔注射奥尼普尔。第5组腹腔注射剂量为（1 mL/kg体重）的生理盐水奥尼普尔溶液。动物接受该治疗方案30天。组织病理学检查揭示了马拉硫磷对肝和肾组织的有害影响。结果表明，马拉硫磷导致体重显著下降，肝酶、乳酸脱氢酶和酸性磷酸酶活性显著升高。相比之下，乙酰胆碱酯酶和对氧磷酶的活性显著降低。此外，胆红素、胆固醇和肾损伤标志物的血清含量显著增加。丙二醛、一氧化氮（亚硝酸盐）和8-羟基-2-脱氧鸟苷显著升高，同时抗氧化活性大幅降低。此外，马拉硫磷增加了肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-1β、BAX和干扰素-β基因的上调，以及核因子E2相关因子2、Bcl2和血红素加氧酶-1基因的下调。奥尼普尔与马拉硫磷同时给药通过改善代谢生物标志物恢复抗氧化活性、减轻炎症反应和改善病理显微镜改变，减轻了马拉硫磷的有害影响。可以得出结论，奥尼普尔溶液在生化、抗氧化、分子和细胞水平上对马拉硫磷毒性表现出肝肾防御作用。
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