药房技术员在药学服务中的角色演变：参与咨询和药物评估。
Evolving role of pharmacy technicians in pharmaceutical care services: Involvement in counselling and medication reviews.
作者信息
Iheanacho Chinonyerem O, Adeyeri Oluwakemi, Eze Uchenna I H
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.
出版信息
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2022 Feb 3;5:100113. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2022.100113. eCollection 2022 Mar.
BACKGROUND
Previous non-clinical traditional role of pharmacy technicians (PTs) has evolved considerably. Therefore, adequate understanding of PTs' practice of pharmaceutical care (PC) services is essential for appropriate skill mix in provision of services.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the study were to: (1) assess PTs' sources of information and practice of pharmaceutical care, and (2) assess differences in patient-centered care practices between PTs in hospital and community pharmacy settings.
METHODS
Cross-sectional survey was conducted among 100 pharmacy technicians using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS version 24.0, and involvement in pharmaceutical care practices was assessed on a 3-point Likert scale. < 0.05 was significant.
RESULTS
A total of 73 (73.0%) PTs participated in the study and 44 (60.3%) practiced in hospitals. Almost all 70 (95.9%) had previously heard of PC. Sources of information was associated with place of practice ( = 0.001), highest degree ( = 0.003) and age ( = 0.000). Only a quarter 21 (28.8%) indicated it was patient-centered. The majority often assisted in dispensing/counselling 62 (84.9%). Over half often provided responsible advice on over-the-counter medicines 50 (68.5%), assisted in managing patients' medication information 49 (67.1%), initiated pharmaceutical care 43 (58.9%) and answered questions on side effects/interactions of medicines 40 (54.8%), respectively. The least often performed task was discussing possible change in therapy 21(34.2%). Significant differences were found between hospital PTs and community PTs in the frequency of intake of patients/clients for PC ( = 0.026) and assisting in dispensing/counselling ( = 0.018).
CONCLUSIONS
Various sources of information was observed and this was associated with selected socio-demographics. Several PC activities were often undertaken by PTs, and some differences in practice of these activities was seen between the practice areas.
背景
药房技术员（PTs）以往的非临床传统角色已发生了很大演变。因此，充分了解PTs提供药学服务（PC）的实践情况对于合理配置服务技能组合至关重要。
目的
本研究的目的是：（1）评估PTs的信息来源及药学服务实践情况，以及（2）评估医院药房和社区药房PTs以患者为中心的护理实践差异。
方法
采用结构化问卷对100名药房技术员进行横断面调查。使用SPSS 24.0版进行描述性分析，并采用3点李克特量表评估参与药学服务实践的情况。P<0.05具有统计学意义。
结果
共有73名（73.0%）PTs参与了研究，其中44名（60.3%）在医院工作。几乎所有70名（95.9%）之前都听说过PC。信息来源与工作地点（P = 0.001）、最高学历（P = 0.003）和年龄（P = （此处原文有误，应补充正确数值））相关。只有四分之一的21名（28.8%）表示这是以患者为中心的。大多数人经常协助调配/咨询62名（84.9%）。超过一半的人经常就非处方药提供责任性建议50名（68.5%），协助管理患者用药信息49名（67.1%），开展药学服务43名（58.9%），回答关于药物副作用/相互作用的问题40名（54.8%）。最不常执行的任务是讨论可能的治疗方案变更21名（34.2%）。在接受患者/客户进行药学服务的频率（P = 0.026）和协助调配/咨询方面（P = 0.018），医院PTs和社区PTs之间存在显著差异。
结论
观察到多种信息来源，且这与选定的社会人口统计学因素相关。PTs经常开展多项药学服务活动，并且在这些活动的实践中，不同工作领域之间存在一些差异。
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