Alsafi Radi T, Minshawi Faisal, Alshareef Ahmad, Althobiany Essa, Alqurashi Afnan, Zawawi Ayat, Qasem Ahmed, Halawani Amr J, Almatrafi Mohammed, Alwafi Hassan, Samannodi Mohammed, Salawati Emad, Assaggaf Hamza M
Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, SAU.
Clinical Molecular Department, Regional Laboratory in Makkah, Ministry of Health, Mecca, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Mar 31;14(3):e23691. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23691. eCollection 2022 Mar.
The World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) responsible for a catastrophic global pandemic. The complexity of COVID-19 is centred on the unpredictable course of the disease, which can rapidly develop from patients being asymptomatic to having life-threatening symptoms. The unpredictable disease severity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been a major problem facing the healthcare system during the pandemic. Identifying the laboratory biomarkers would help predict SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity. This study focused on the previous literature regarding three laboratory biomarker profiles: haematological, inflammatory, and biochemical biomarkers.
A retrospective study of COVID-19 patients was conducted between May 2020 and September 2020 to determine the predictors of hospitalization (severity) in COVID-19 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: those admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU, severe) and those admitted to a non-ICU (stable). Patients' data were obtained from their medical records at Al Noor Specialist Hospital and East Arafat Hospital in Saudi Arabia.
A total of 487 patients with COVID-19, including 304 males and 183 females, were investigated in this study. A total of 217 patients were admitted to the ICU. Patients admitted to the ICU had a higher prevalence of chronic comorbidities than non-ICU patients. D-dimer, white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were more elevated in patients admitted to the ICU compared to non-ICU patients.
Chronic comorbidities are a significant predictor for admission to the ICU. Moreover, tests for D-dimer, WBC, neutrophils, lymphocytes, CRP, LDH, and ALT could be used to predict patients' admission to the ICU.
世界卫生组织宣布2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）引发了一场灾难性的全球大流行。COVID-19的复杂性集中在疾病的不可预测病程上，疾病可迅速从无症状发展为危及生命的症状。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染不可预测的疾病严重程度一直是大流行期间医疗系统面临的主要问题。识别实验室生物标志物将有助于预测SARS-CoV-2的致病性。本研究聚焦于先前有关三种实验室生物标志物谱的文献：血液学、炎症和生化生物标志物。
于2020年5月至2020年9月对COVID-19患者进行回顾性研究，以确定COVID-19患者住院（严重程度）的预测因素。患者分为两组：入住重症监护病房（ICU，重症）的患者和入住非ICU（病情稳定）的患者。患者数据来自沙特阿拉伯努尔专科医院和东阿拉法特医院的病历。
本研究共调查了487例COVID-19患者，其中男性304例，女性183例。共有217例患者入住ICU。入住ICU的患者慢性合并症的患病率高于非ICU患者。与非ICU患者相比，入住ICU的患者D-二聚体、白细胞（WBC）、中性粒细胞、铁蛋白、C反应蛋白（CRP）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）和天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）水平更高。
慢性合并症是入住ICU的重要预测因素。此外，D-二聚体、WBC、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、CRP、LDH和ALT检测可用于预测患者是否会入住ICU。
