Luterkort M, Persson P H, Polberger S, Bjerre I
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1986 Sep;75(5):860-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1986.tb10303.x.
222 consecutive fetuses found by ultrasound to be in breech presentation in the 33rd gestational week were followed with repeated examinations in weeks 35 and 38. Ninety-one of these fetuses persisted in breech presentation until delivery, while cephalic version occurred in 131. The frequency of hip joint instability was 21% in the breech delivered group and 1.5% in the vertex delivered group. The position of the fetal legs was established at each ultrasound examination. The intrauterine fetal attitude was classified as extended when the fetuses had extended knees and maximally flexed hips at all ultrasound examinations. This occurred in 30 breech delivered fetuses, 47% of which developed hip joint instability. Only 8% of the breech born infants with flexed legs in utero developed hip joint instability. It is concluded that instability of the hip joint is a consequence of the intrauterine attitude, rather than of the breech delivery per se.
连续222例在孕33周经超声检查发现为臀位的胎儿，在孕35周和38周进行了重复检查。其中91例胎儿直至分娩时仍为臀位，而131例发生了头位转位。臀位分娩组髋关节不稳定的发生率为21%，头位分娩组为1.5%。每次超声检查时确定胎儿腿部的位置。当胎儿在所有超声检查中膝关节伸直且髋关节最大程度屈曲时，将宫内胎儿姿势分类为伸展型。30例臀位分娩的胎儿出现这种情况，其中47%发生了髋关节不稳定。宫内腿部屈曲的臀位出生婴儿中只有8%发生了髋关节不稳定。得出的结论是，髋关节不稳定是宫内姿势的结果，而非臀位分娩本身所致。
