Galgali Padmaja, Palimkar Supriya, Adhikari Arindam, Patel Rajkumar, Routh Joyanto
Aadarsh Innovations, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Integrated Science and Engineering Division (ISED), Energy & Environmental Science and Engineering, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2023;25(2):172-186. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2068501. Epub 2022 May 6.
For a long time, water hyacinth has been considered a very stubborn and troublesome weed. However, research has shown that it can be used to remove many pollutants from water. Among the different pollutants, potentially toxic elements (PTE) or their ions have been found to be very toxic for humans, animals, and plants. Among the many conventional methods for removing PTE from wastewaters, phytoremediation has several advantages. This method is highly eco-friendly, cost-effective, and can remove a wide range of metal pollutants and organic pollutants. Both, living and non-living water hyacinth plants, can be used for remediation - either entirely or their parts. Study on mechanisms and different factors involved in the process would help to effectively use water hyacinth for remediation. This review presents different studies conducted in the past thirty years for the removal of PTEs. Detailed analysis of the work done in this field showed that in spite of the main advantages provided by the plant, not much has been done to increase the efficiency of the remediation process and for reusing the water hyacinth biomass for other applications after desorption of the PTE. Hence, the section on scope for future work highlights these prospective ideas. Water hyacinth, which is a very stubborn weed and has a negative impact on the environment, can be constructively used to remove potentially toxic elements (PTEs) along with other pollutants from wastewaters. Different parts of the water hyacinth plant like roots, leaves, and stems or the entire plant can be used. Further, either the live plant or its other forms, such as dried powder, biochar, or activated carbon can be used. This review focuses on different forms of water hyacinth plant used, the advantages and limitations associated with these methods and the scope for future work.
长期以来，凤眼蓝一直被视为一种非常顽固且棘手的杂草。然而，研究表明它可用于去除水中的多种污染物。在不同的污染物中，潜在有毒元素（PTE）或其离子已被发现对人类、动物和植物具有极高的毒性。在众多从废水中去除PTE的传统方法中，植物修复具有若干优势。该方法高度环保、成本效益高，并且能够去除多种金属污染物和有机污染物。活的和非活的凤眼蓝植株均可用于修复——可以是整株，也可以是其部分。对该过程中涉及的机制和不同因素进行研究，将有助于有效利用凤眼蓝进行修复。本综述介绍了过去三十年中针对去除PTE所开展的不同研究。对该领域已完成工作的详细分析表明，尽管凤眼蓝具有主要优势，但在提高修复过程的效率以及在PTE解吸后将凤眼蓝生物质用于其他用途方面，所做的工作并不多。因此，未来工作展望部分突出了这些前瞻性想法。凤眼蓝这种非常顽固且对环境有负面影响的杂草，可被建设性地用于从废水中去除潜在有毒元素（PTE）以及其他污染物。凤眼蓝植株的不同部分，如根、叶和茎，或整株植物均可使用。此外，无论是活植物还是其其他形式，如干粉、生物炭或活性炭都可以使用。本综述重点关注所使用的凤眼蓝植物的不同形式、这些方法的优缺点以及未来工作的展望。
