Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa, Chiba, 296-8602, Japan.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Int J Hematol. 2022 Jun;115(6):778-789. doi: 10.1007/s12185-022-03360-6. Epub 2022 May 9.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy, but treatment advances made in the last two decades have markedly improved its prognosis. Imaging has played a particularly important role in the management of myeloma. Whole-body low-dose computed tomography (WBLDCT) is replacing conventional skeletal survey by whole-body X-rays. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) have become important imaging modalities not only for MM diagnosis but also for assessment of myeloma cell infiltration, extramedullary disease, treatment efficacy, and prognosis. However, there is room to improve their accuracy and specificity for assessment of treatment response, tumor volume, and residual disease. This review introduces novel diagnostic techniques, such as WBLDCT, MRI, and PET/CT, discusses their contribution to MM care, and lists areas for future research.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种无法治愈的血液恶性肿瘤，但在过去二十年中，治疗方面的进展显著改善了其预后。影像学在骨髓瘤的治疗管理中发挥了特别重要的作用。全身低剂量计算机断层扫描（WBLDCT）正在取代全身 X 射线的常规骨骼检查。此外，磁共振成像（MRI）和正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）已成为重要的成像方式，不仅用于 MM 的诊断，也用于评估骨髓瘤细胞浸润、骨髓外疾病、治疗效果和预后。然而，在评估治疗反应、肿瘤体积和残留疾病方面，它们的准确性和特异性仍有提高的空间。本文介绍了全身低剂量计算机断层扫描、MRI 和 PET/CT 等新的诊断技术，讨论了它们对 MM 治疗的贡献，并列出了未来研究的领域。
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