Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, 41012 Seville, Spain.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Seville University, 41012 Seville, Spain.
Life Sci. 2022 Jul 15;301:120618. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120618. Epub 2022 May 6.
Binge drinking (BD) is the most common alcohol consumption model among adolescents. BD exposure during adolescence disrupts the nervous system function, being involved in the major mortality causes at this age: motor vehicle accidents, homicides and suicides. Recent studies have also shown that BD consumption during adolescence affects liver, renal and cardiovascular physiology, predisposing adolescents to future adult cardiometabolic damage. BD is a particularly pro-oxidant alcohol consumption pattern, because it leads to the production of a great source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, also decreasing the antioxidant activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Selenium (Se) is a mineral which plays a pivotal role against oxidation; it forms part of the catalytic center of different antioxidant selenoproteins such as GPxs (GPx1, GPx4, GPx3) and selenoprotein P (SelP). Specifically, GPx4 has an essential role in mitochondria, preventing their oxidation, apoptosis and NFkB-inflamative response, being this function even more relevant in heart's tissue. Se serum levels are decreased in acute and chronic alcoholic adult patients, being correlated to the severity of oxidation, liver damage and metabolic profile. Experimental studies have described that Se supplementation to alcohol exposed mice clearly decreases oxidative and liver damage. However, clinical BD effects on Se homeostasis and selenoproteins' tissue distribution related to oxidation during adolescence are not yet studied. In this narrative review we will describe the use of sodium selenite supplementation as an antioxidant therapy in adolescent BD rats in order to analyze Se homeostasis implication during BD exposure, oxidative balance, apoptosis and inflammation, mainly in liver, kidney, and heart. These biomolecular changes and the cardiovascular function will be analyzed. Se supplementation therapies could be a good strategy to prevent the oxidation, inflammation and apoptosis generated in tissues by BD during adolescence, such as liver, kidney and heart, improving cardiovascular functioning.
binge drinking (BD) 是青少年最常见的饮酒模式。青少年时期的 BD 暴露会破坏神经系统功能，是导致这一年龄段主要死亡原因的罪魁祸首：机动车事故、杀人案和自杀。最近的研究还表明，青少年时期的 BD 消费会影响肝脏、肾脏和心血管生理学，使青少年易患未来的成人心脏代谢损伤。BD 是一种特别促氧化的酒精消费模式，因为它通过微粒体乙醇氧化系统导致大量活性氧（ROS）的产生，同时降低谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的抗氧化活性。硒（Se）是一种对抗氧化起着关键作用的矿物质；它是不同抗氧化硒蛋白的催化中心的一部分，如 GPxs（GPx1、GPx4、GPx3）和硒蛋白 P（SelP）。具体来说，GPx4 在线粒体中起着至关重要的作用，防止它们氧化、凋亡和 NFkB 炎症反应，这一功能在心脏组织中更为重要。急性和慢性酒精中毒成年患者的血清 Se 水平降低，与氧化、肝损伤和代谢谱的严重程度相关。实验研究表明，硒对酒精暴露小鼠的补充可明显降低氧化和肝损伤。然而，青少年时期 BD 对 Se 动态平衡和与氧化相关的 selenoproteins 组织分布的影响尚未得到研究。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们将描述使用亚硒酸钠补充剂作为抗氧化治疗剂，用于分析青少年 BD 大鼠在 BD 暴露期间的 Se 动态平衡、氧化平衡、细胞凋亡和炎症的影响，主要在肝脏、肾脏和心脏。将分析这些生物分子变化和心血管功能。Se 补充疗法可能是预防青少年时期 BD 引起的肝脏、肾脏和心脏等组织氧化、炎症和细胞凋亡的一种好策略，从而改善心血管功能。
