Patrinely J R, Marines H M, Anderson R L
Surv Ophthalmol. 1987 Jan-Feb;31(4):249-61. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(87)90024-5.
Soft tissue defects of the periorbital region are best repaired with local skin or skin-muscle flaps. Flaps have functional and aesthetic advantages over skin grafts in that they provide a better color and texture match to the thick periorbital skin. The general physiological and biomechanical principles of skin flap survival and orientation are discussed with modification according to peculiarities of the periorbital area. The four basic groups of skin flaps are the sliding flap, advancement flap, rotation flap, and transposition flap. Selected standard and modified designs of each group are illustrated, and each surgical technique is described in stepwise fashion. The specific applications of the flaps to periorbital reconstruction are emphasized. The indications for use of various skin flaps, the local factors involved in flap selection, and proper preoperative planning are also discussed.
眶周区域的软组织缺损最好用局部皮肤或皮肌瓣修复。皮瓣相对于皮肤移植具有功能和美学优势，因为它们与较厚的眶周皮肤在颜色和质地方面更匹配。根据眶周区域的特点，讨论了皮瓣存活和定向的一般生理和生物力学原理并加以修改。皮瓣的四个基本类型是滑行皮瓣、推进皮瓣、旋转皮瓣和易位皮瓣。对每组选定的标准和改良设计进行了说明，并逐步描述了每种手术技术。强调了皮瓣在眶周重建中的具体应用。还讨论了各种皮瓣的使用指征、皮瓣选择中涉及的局部因素以及适当的术前规划。
