Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuidad de México 04510, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Oncogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 30;23(9):4996. doi: 10.3390/ijms23094996.
Glioblastomas (GBs) are the most aggressive and common primary malignant brain tumors. Steroid hormone progesterone (P4) and its neuroactive metabolites, such as allopregnanolone (3α-THP) are synthesized by neural, glial, and malignant GB cells. P4 promotes cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion of human GB cells at physiological concentrations. It has been reported that 3α-THP promotes GB cell proliferation. Here we investigated the effects of 3α-THP on GB cell migration and invasion, the participation of the enzymes involved in its metabolism (AKR1C1-4), and the role of the c-Src kinase in 3α-THP effects in GBs. 3α-THP 100 nM promoted migration and invasion of U251, U87, and LN229 human-derived GB cell lines. We observed that U251, LN229, and T98G cell lines exhibited a higher protein content of AKR1C1-4 than normal human astrocytes. AKR1C1-4 silencing did not modify 3α-THP effects on migration and invasion. 3α-THP activated c-Src protein at 10 min (U251 cells) and 15 min (U87 and LN229 cells). Interestingly, the pharmacological inhibition of c-Src decreases the promoting effects of 3α-THP on cell migration and invasion. Together, these data indicate that 3α-THP promotes GB migration and invasion through c-Src activation.
胶质母细胞瘤(GBs)是最具侵袭性和最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤。甾体激素孕酮(P4)及其神经活性代谢物,如别孕烯醇酮(3α-THP),由神经、神经胶质和恶性 GB 细胞合成。在生理浓度下,P4 促进人 GB 细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。有报道称,3α-THP 促进 GB 细胞增殖。在这里,我们研究了 3α-THP 对 GB 细胞迁移和侵袭的影响,参与其代谢的酶(AKR1C1-4)的作用,以及 c-Src 激酶在 3α-THP 对 GB 中的作用。3α-THP 100 nM 促进 U251、U87 和 LN229 人源性 GB 细胞系的迁移和侵袭。我们观察到 U251、LN229 和 T98G 细胞系的 AKR1C1-4 蛋白含量高于正常人星形胶质细胞。AKR1C1-4 沉默并没有改变 3α-THP 对迁移和侵袭的影响。3α-THP 在 10 分钟(U251 细胞)和 15 分钟(U87 和 LN229 细胞)激活 c-Src 蛋白。有趣的是,c-Src 的药理学抑制降低了 3α-THP 对细胞迁移和侵袭的促进作用。综上所述,这些数据表明 3α-THP 通过激活 c-Src 促进 GB 迁移和侵袭。