Seeberg Karina Glies Vincents, Skovlund Sebastian Venge, Bláfoss Rúni, Thomassen Kristina, Malchow-Møller Lasse, Sundstrup Emil, Andersen Lars Louis
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Research Unit for Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 20;19(9):5023. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095023.
Background: Aging increases the risk of chronic diseases, which can challenge the ability to work and thereby push senior workers out of the labour market. This study investigates the association between non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and work ability among workers ≥50 years (senior workers) with physically demanding and sedentary work, respectively. Methods: In the SeniorWorkingLife study, 12,879 senior workers replied to a questionnaire survey on work and health in 2018. Associations between the type and number of NCD and work ability (scale 0−10) were modelled using a general linear model adjusting for potential confounders and combined with model-assisted weights from national registers. Results: A higher number of NCD (multimorbidity) was progressively associated with a lower work ability (trend test, p-value < 0.001). Physical work influenced the association between the number of NCDs and work ability. For specific diseases, mental disorders, including burn-out syndrome (least square mean difference (LSMD): −1.46, 95% CI: −1.61 to −1.32) and stress ( LSMD: −1.18, 95% CI: −1.29 to −1.07), demonstrated a stronger association with a lower work ability compared with somatic diseases, such as back diseases (LSMD: −0.72, 95% CI: −0.80 to −0.64). Conclusions: Multimorbidity was progressively associated with a lower work ability in senior workers, especially among those with physical work.
衰老会增加患慢性病的风险，这可能会对工作能力构成挑战，从而将老年工人挤出劳动力市场。本研究分别调查了50岁及以上（老年工人）从事体力要求高和久坐工作的非传染性疾病（NCD）与工作能力之间的关联。方法：在“SeniorWorkingLife”研究中，12879名老年工人回复了2018年关于工作与健康的问卷调查。使用一般线性模型对非传染性疾病的类型和数量与工作能力（0-10分）之间的关联进行建模，并对潜在混杂因素进行调整，同时结合国家登记处的模型辅助权重。结果：更多的非传染性疾病（多病共存）与更低的工作能力呈逐渐增加的关联（趋势检验，p值<0.001）。体力工作影响了非传染性疾病数量与工作能力之间的关联。对于特定疾病，精神障碍，包括职业倦怠综合征（最小二乘均值差（LSMD）：-1.46，95%置信区间：-1.61至-1.32）和压力（LSMD：-1.18，95%置信区间：-1.29至-1.07），与较低工作能力的关联比躯体疾病，如背部疾病（LSMD：-0.72，95%置信区间：-0.80至-0.64）更强。结论：多病共存与老年工人较低的工作能力呈逐渐增加的关联，尤其是在从事体力工作的人群中。
