Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Katedra i Klinika Psychiatryczna.
Psychiatr Pol. 2022 Feb 27;56(1):63-75. doi: 10.12740/PP/129012.
Ganser syndrome (GS) is one of afew eponyms that have survived in psychiatry until the present day. GS is a little-known and rare disorder. It is most often described as a response to a stressor (e.g. incarceration), that is why it is an important issue in forensic psychiatry. Organic causes are taken into consideration. The basic symptoms of the syndrome are: approximate answers, visual and auditory hallucinations, clouding of consciousness and conversion symptoms. Additionally, patients may perform activities in an awry manner and suffer from insensitivity to painful stimuli.GS is usually acute and subsides spontaneously. Usually patients do not remember they had an episode of the disease. Diagnostic criteria of GS are imprecise and its classification has been changed over the years. GS was not listed in the DSM-5 classification, although in the DSM-IV it was classified as a dissociative disorder. Currently some authors tend to classify it rather as a factitious disorder. WHO (ICD-10 and ICD-11) classifies GS as a dissociative and conversion disorder, which seems to be appropriate in the light of current knowledge. The presented case report describes apatient with a nearly identical pattern of full-blown GS, which occurred twice. The symptoms appeared shortly after the patient was incarcerated. The course of the disorder was chronic and recurrent. The patient was insensitive to pain stimuli. Somatic causes were excluded in the diagnostic process.
冈塞尔综合征（GS）是少数几个至今仍在精神病学中使用的专有名词之一。GS 是一种鲜为人知且罕见的疾病。它最常被描述为对压力源（例如监禁）的反应，这就是为什么它是法医精神病学中的一个重要问题。会考虑到器质性原因。该综合征的基本症状包括：近似答案、视幻觉和听幻觉、意识混浊和转换症状。此外，患者可能会以奇怪的方式进行活动，并对疼痛刺激不敏感。GS 通常是急性的，会自发缓解。通常，患者不记得自己曾患有该病。GS 的诊断标准不精确，其分类多年来发生了变化。GS 未列入 DSM-5 分类，尽管在 DSM-IV 中它被归类为分离性障碍。目前，一些作者倾向于将其归类为诈病。世界卫生组织（ICD-10 和 ICD-11）将 GS 归类为分离性和转换性障碍，根据目前的知识，这似乎是合适的。本病例报告描述了一名患者出现了两次完全性 GS 的几乎相同模式。症状出现在患者被监禁后不久。疾病的病程为慢性和复发性。患者对疼痛刺激不敏感。在诊断过程中排除了躯体原因。
