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神经内镜下面神经微血管减压术中应用 ePTFE 套管

The "ePTFE Sleeve" for Microvascular Decompression of the Facial Nerve.

机构信息

Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Juárez de México, Avenido Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Magdalena de las Salinas, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City, Mexico.

Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Juárez de México, Avenido Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Magdalena de las Salinas, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City, Mexico.

出版信息

World Neurosurg. 2022 Aug;164:240. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.05.019. Epub 2022 May 13.

Abstract

Hemifacial spasm is a cranial nerve compression syndrome caused by the anteroinferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and posteroinferior cerebellar artery (PICA), characterized by involuntary tonic/clonic contractions of the muscles. The refractory hemifacial spasm can be treated with microvascular decompression, and multivessel compression could require more than conventional microvascular decompression. Multivessel compression may be challenging, and placement of conventional materials may not be sufficient and risks migration. Some transposition techniques for the vertebral artery may even increase the risk of injuring some perforators. Our circumferential expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) (IMPRA, Tempe, Arizona, USA) sleeve technique is unique and accessible, and it could solve this issue. The 2-dimensional Video 1 demonstrates the case of a 38-year-old woman who presented with debilitating left hemifacial spasm for 11 years. On physical examination, she exhibited involuntary, recurrent twitches of left facial muscles and loss of sensory taste. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed touching of the left dominance dolicoectasic vertebral artery, with compression of the PICA and AICA over cranial nerve VII. Conservative measures were recommended. Nevertheless, progressive worsening symptoms presented despite botulinum toxin injections. Left retrosigmoid craniotomy was performed, first placing a 3/4 ePTFE sleeve for decompression of the cisternal portion and the second ePTFE sleeve at the root entry zone of cranial nerve VII to optimize decompression of the offending vessel. In this case, we decided to use ePTFE prosthetic material. The semirigidity and semielastic property force brings an adequate decompression of the nerve and isolates it from the offending artery (AICA-PICA and vertebral artery). Without an uneventful postoperative course, the patient remained neurologically intact with immediate recovery after surgery without facial spasms or facial paresis. At 14 months' follow-up, the patient was without any alteration. The circumferential ePTFE Sleeve is an effective option for microvascular decompression. This technique offers semielastic continuous isolation of the nerve keeping it away from the offending artery. In addition, the circumferential ePTFE fit between neurovascular structures could avoid migration out of position. No cases using this technique have been reported; beyond that, we would like to illustrate this procedure, which is not widely available as a video article.

摘要

面肌痉挛是一种由小脑前下动脉(AICA)和小脑后下动脉(PICA)引起的颅神经压迫综合征,表现为肌肉不自主的强直性/阵挛性收缩。难治性面肌痉挛可以通过微血管减压术治疗,而多血管压迫可能需要比常规微血管减压术更多的治疗。多血管压迫可能具有挑战性,并且常规材料的放置可能不足以防止其迁移。椎动脉的一些转位技术甚至可能增加损伤一些穿支动脉的风险。我们的环形膨体聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)(IMPRA,美国亚利桑那州坦佩)套管技术是独特的、可行的,它可以解决这个问题。二维视频 1 演示了一位 38 岁女性的病例,她患有左侧面肌痉挛 11 年,症状严重。体格检查发现左侧面部肌肉不自主、反复抽搐,味觉丧失。磁共振成像显示左侧优势型扩张椎动脉接触,PICA 和 AICA 压迫颅神经 VII。建议保守治疗。然而,尽管注射肉毒杆菌毒素,症状仍逐渐恶化。进行了左侧乙状窦后颅切开术,首先放置一个 3/4 的 ePTFE 套管,用于减压颅神经 VII 的池部和第二个 ePTFE 套管在颅神经 VII 的神经根入口区,以优化压迫血管的减压。在这种情况下,我们决定使用 ePTFE 假体材料。半刚性和半弹性特性迫使神经得到充分减压,并将其与致病动脉(AICA-PICA 和椎动脉)隔离。术后无并发症,患者神经功能完整,术后立即恢复,无面肌痉挛或面肌瘫痪。术后 14 个月随访时,患者无任何改变。环形 ePTFE 套管是微血管减压术的有效选择。这种技术提供了神经的半弹性连续隔离,使其远离致病动脉。此外,环形 ePTFE 与神经血管结构的贴合可以避免位置迁移。没有使用这种技术的病例报告;除此之外,我们还想展示一下这个程序,作为一个视频文章,它并不广泛可用。

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