测量家庭医生对患者进行生物心理社会方法的量表的编制与验证。

Development and validation of the scale for measuring biopsychosocial approach of family physicians to their patients.

机构信息

National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Department of Family Medicine, University of Ljubljana Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

出版信息

Fam Med Community Health. 2022 May;10(2). doi: 10.1136/fmch-2021-001407.

DOI:10.1136/fmch-2021-001407

PMID:35577396

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9114858/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

While other models focus more on disease and pathophysiology, the biopsychosocial approach emphasises the importance of human health and disease in their fullest contexts. If we are to gain an insight into physical and psychological health needs, and address them quickly and adequately, it is important that we recognise them already at the family practice stage. An approach that assesses needs at patient level could also be seen as patient-centred care, which is one of the key elements of high-quality care. To the best of our knowledge, no scale for measuring the biopsychosocial approach of family physicians has yet been developed.

DESIGN

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale that measures the biopsychosocial approach of family physicians to their patients through the Delphi and validation process.

SETTING

The scale was developed through the Delphi study and validated by means of significant statistical methods. Pearson's correlation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha, the intracorrelation coefficient, the Spearman-Brown coefficient and exploratory factor analysis were applied.

PARTICIPANTS

Five family physicians took part in a brainstorming process and 24 family medicine experts took part in the Delphi study. For the first part of the validation process, there were 31 family medicine trainees in the first group and 32 in the second group. For the last part of the validation process, 164 family physicians completed the scale.

RESULT

Through the Delphi study, 39 final items covering three areas within the biopsychosocial approach were identified. Construct validity was high, with positive linear correlation and good face validity. The intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability was 0.862. The Spearman-Brown coefficient was the highest (0.931) on an even and odd division. Factor rotation showed that three factors on 35 items explained 39.5% of variances. The final internal consistency on 35 items was 0.911.

CONCLUSION

The developed scale measures the biopsychosocial dimension of family physicians' work with high Cronbach's alpha measures and good validity.

摘要

目的

虽然其他模型更侧重于疾病和病理生理学，但生物心理社会方法强调了在最全面的背景下关注人类健康和疾病的重要性。如果我们要深入了解身体和心理健康需求，并迅速、充分地满足这些需求，那么在家庭医疗阶段就认识到这些需求是很重要的。评估患者需求的方法也可以被视为以患者为中心的护理，这是高质量护理的关键要素之一。据我们所知，目前还没有用于衡量家庭医生生物心理社会方法的量表。

设计

本研究旨在通过德尔菲法和验证过程开发和验证一种衡量家庭医生对患者的生物心理社会方法的量表。

设置

该量表是通过德尔菲研究开发的，并通过显著的统计方法进行了验证。应用了 Pearson 相关系数、Cronbach's alpha、内相关系数、Spearman-Brown 系数和探索性因子分析。

参与者

5 名家庭医生参与了头脑风暴过程，24 名家庭医学专家参与了德尔菲研究。在验证过程的第一部分，第一组有 31 名家庭医学实习生，第二组有 32 名。在验证过程的最后一部分，有 164 名家庭医生完成了该量表。

结果

通过德尔菲研究，确定了 39 个最终项目，涵盖生物心理社会方法的三个领域。结构效度较高，具有正线性相关和良好的表面效度。测试-再测试可靠性的组内相关系数为 0.862。Spearman-Brown 系数在偶数和奇数划分时最高（0.931）。因子旋转显示，35 个项目的三个因子解释了 39.5%的方差。最终的 35 个项目的内部一致性为 0.911。